目的 了解深圳地区2007年和2008年腹泻病副溶血弧菌感染状况和临床分离株的分子生物学特征.方法 4个哨点监测医院每月至少对80份腹泻病例的粪便样本进行致病菌分离培养.对所分离的361株副溶血弧菌进行血清型分型和两个主要毒力基因tdh和trh的检测.对2007年8月和2008年9月6个疑似腹泻暴发地点的60株O3:K6型副溶血弧菌分离株进行脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型.结果 4个哨点临测医院共检测4384份标本,分离出361株副溶血弧菌,361株副溶血弧菌分属于28种不同的血清型,其中O3:K6型占67.90%,其次是O4:K8和O1:KUT血清型,所占比例分别为7.50%和6.10%.深圳地区腹泻病副溶血弧菌临床分离株主要是tdh+trh-菌株,361株菌株中有337株是tdh+trh-菌株,11株为tdh-trh-菌株,13株为tdh+trh+菌株.60株副溶血弧菌分型得到20种图谱类型,分别属于3个克隆群.分离自同一个地点的副溶血弧菌菌株具有相同的PFGE图谱,来自不同年份的菌株仅有部分菌株有相同的PFGE图谱.结论 深圳地区腹泻患者的副溶血弧菌分离菌株主要以O3:K6型为主,大部分菌株携带tdh基因,少数携带trh基因.来自6个地点的副溶血弧菌都具有相同的PFGE图谱,说明该地区存在副溶血弧菌腹泻病的暴发.但2007年和2008年菌株的PFGE图谱又不相同,说明副溶血弧菌的来源存在多样性.%Objective To study the infection status and the molecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from diarrheal patients in Shenzhen, in 2007 to 2008 and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of diarrheal diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Methods More than 80 fecal specimens from four sentinel surveillance hospitals were collected and cultured each month. A total of 361 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were sero-typed and examined by real-time PCR for the presence of two major virulence genes, tdh and trh. Of 361 strains, 60 O3: K6 strains isolated from six suspected outbreaks in August, 2007 and in September, 2008 were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results 4384 stool samples were detected in four sentinel surveillance hospitals and with 361 Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated that belonged to 28 serotypes. Serotype O3:K6, O4:K8 and O1:KUT accounted for 67.90%, 7.50% and 6.10%, respectively. Of 361 strains, 337 strains belonged to tdh + trh- , 11 strains were tdh-trh- and 13 strains were tdh + trh +. The most prevalent serotype which caused diarrheal diseases was tdh + trh-in Shenzhen. The 60 isolates were discriminated into twenty different PFGE patterns, which belonged to three clones. Among the 60 isolates, most of the PFGE patterns of isolates from the suspected outbreak locations were identical and some strains isolated from different year were different. Conclusion Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates in Shenzhen were dominated by O3:K6 strains. Most of these isolates carried tdh gene and few carried trh gene. Meanwhile, the identical patterns of isolates from 6 suspected outbreaks locations demonstrated that Vibrio parahaemolyticus outbreaks occurred in July 2007 and in September 2008 in Shenzhen. However, the dominated strains' PFGE patterns were different each year, indicating that the sources of Vibrio parahaemolyticus had a multiplex nature and the multiplex sources such as water, sea food and pickled products should be integrated monitored. Laboratory based surveillance of diarrheal diseases could contribute in establishing early warning system for the better prevention and control of diarrheal diseases.
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