中国9省区1991-2009年50岁以上中老年居民膳食钙摄入量及变化趋势分析

摘要

Objective To understand the daily calcium intake and the dietary sources,as well as its trends from 1991 to 2009 in Chinese elderly aged 50 years and over.Methods Consecutive 3 d-24 hr Dietary Recall Data from the seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to describe the status and trends of daily calcium intake and its food sources.Results Between 1991 and 2009,the daily intake of calcium in the Chinese elderly showed an increasing trend.In 2009,the average intakes of calcium in Chinese elderly men and women were 400.2 mg/day and 352.7 mg/day,respectively.72.0％-82.2％ of males and 78.8％-88.0％ of females had their calcium intake less than half of the recommended amount of adequate intakes,but only 0.4％-3.9％ of males and 0.4％-3.0％ of females had their calcium intake equal or higher than the recommended amount of intakes.The sources of dietary calcium were mainly from vegetables,legumes,and cereals for the Chinese elderly,accounting for more than 70％ of the average daily intakes.Conclusion During the past twenty years,the average daily calcium intake of the Chinese elderly still remained at low level while the optimal calcium sources as milk and legumes,were under-consumed.%目的 了解1991-2009年中国9省区50岁以上中老年城乡居民膳食钙摄入现状、食物来源及变化趋势.方法 选取1991-2009年“中国居民健康与营养调查”七轮调查中50岁以上居民为研究对象,利用连续3天24小时膳食回顾调查数据,按地区分层对历年来该人群钙摄入量水平、钙食物来源分布及变化趋势进行横断面分析.结果 1991-2009年中国9省区中老年居民平均每日钙摄入量总体呈上升趋势.2009年男性人群钙摄入量为400.2 mg/d,女性为352.7mg/d;1991-2009年男性和女性人群钙摄入量不足50％适宜摄入量(AI)的比例分别高达72.0％～82.2％和78.8％ ～ 88.0％,而达到AI人数的比例仅分别为0.4％ ～ 3.9％和0.4％ ～ 3.0％.调查人群膳食钙主要来源于蔬菜、豆制品和谷类,这类食物提供的钙占平均每日钙摄入量的70％以上.结论 1991-2009年中国9省区50岁以上中老年人群钙摄入水平仍较低,奶类和豆制品等富含钙食物的摄入量偏低.