新疆哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村居民超重、肥胖流行病学调查

摘要

目的 分析新疆哈萨克(哈)族、维吾尔(维)族和汉族农村居民超重、肥胖及腹型肥胖流行现状和分布特点,为该地区不同民族肥胖的防治提供理论依据.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取调查现场年龄≥1 8岁哈族、维族及汉族常住居民11377人进行间卷调查和体格检查,分析并比较3个民族人群超重、肥胖及腹型肥胖患病率.结果 哈族、维族和汉族人群超重率分别为27.8％、24.5％和40.3％,肥胖率分别为17.9％、11.5％和13.7％,腹型肥胖患病率分别为58.0％、53.9％和59.9％,汉族人群超重和腹型肥胖患病率最高,哈族肥胖率最高(P值均＜0.01);3个民族人群超重和汉族腹型肥胖患病率均为男性高于女性(P值均＜0.05),3个民族人群肥胖和维族腹型肥胖患病率均为女性高于男性(P值均＜0.01);3个民族超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖患病率均随年龄增加呈现递增趋势,且男女性各年龄段人群腹型肥胖患病率均高于同年龄段超重及肥胖患病率.结论 新疆农村地区哈族和维族是肥胖和腹型肥胖高发人群,汉族是超重高发人群,且3种患病率存在民族、年龄及性别差异,腹型肥胖患病率均高于全国水平.%Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity among rural adult residents in Kazakh,Uygur and Han populations from Xinjiang and to provide the theory gist for prevention and cure on obesity in different ethnic groups.Methods Questionnaire-based survey and physical examination on 11 377 samples were conducted according to stratified cluster random samplings in Kazakh,Uygur and Han residents aged 18 years in Xinjiang.Prevalence rates on overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity between the three ethnic populations were analyzed and compared.Results The rates of overweight were 27.8％,24.5％ and 40.3％ in kazakh,Uygur and Han populations,with the prevalence rates of obesity as 17.9％,11.5％ and 13.7％.However,the rates of abdominal obesity were 58.0％,53.9％ and 59.9％,respectively.The rates of overweight and abdominal obesity were the highest in Han population but the prevalence of obesity was the highest in Kazakh (P＜0.01).All the prevalence of overweight among the three ethnic populations and the rate of abdominal obesity in Han population were higher in males (P＜0.05) while the prevalence of obesity in the three ethnic populations and the rate of abdominal obesity in Uygur were diametrically opposite (P＜0.01).The prevalence rates of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity all had an increasing trend in the three ethnic populations and the prevalence of abdominal obesity of all age groups was higher than the rates of overweight and obesity in the same age group.Conclusion The prevalence rates of obesity and abdominal obesity in Kazakh and Uygur populations among rural adult residents were much higher in Xinjiang,so as the rate of overweight in the Hans.All the prevalence rates were different in ethnicities,age groups and sex.The prevalence rate of abdominal obesity was higher than the average data gathered from the nation.