早期抗病毒治疗对艾滋病患者生存状况的影响

摘要

Objective To compare the survival effect of initiation of antiretroviral treatment on AIDS patients at different stages so as to explore the best time of initiation with the treatment.Methods Information regarding the dates of AIDS patient initially receiving the anti-retroviral therapy during 2007-2012 was collected from the Chinese HIV/AIDS Integrated Control System.According to the level of baseline immunology,all the participants were divided into earlier treatment group (baseline CD4+T cell counts between 350/ μl and 500/μl) and conventional treatment group (baseline CD4+T cell counts ≤350/ μl).Data was analyzed under Survival and Review methods.Results A total number of 16 282 cases were selected.The mortality of conventional treatment group was obviously higher than the earlier treatment group (5.78/100 person year vs.1.64/100 person year),and the median survival time was lower than the earlier treatment group (2.07 year vs.3.15 year).The cumulative survival rate of the 6-year conventional treatment group was lower than the earlier treatment group (77.39％ vs.92.10％,x2=156.00,P ＜ 0.01).By means of multi-variable analysis,we found that factors as age,gender,marital status,route of transmission,schedule on initial therapy,number of symptoms at the baseline etc.in the conventional treatment group were associated with survival time of patients after the ART initiation (P＜0.05),while gender,schedule for initial therapy,number of symptoms at baseline etc.in the earlier treatment group,were associated with survival time of patients after the initiation of ART (P＜0.05).Conclusion Earlier initiation of antiretroviral treatment on AIDS patients could improve the survival rate and prolong the survival time.%目的 比较不同时间开始抗病毒治疗对艾滋病患者生存状况的影响,并探讨抗病毒治疗最佳时机.方法 利用国家艾滋病抗病毒治疗信息系统,收集2007-2012年河南省加入抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者基本和随访信息,并按照基线免疫学水平,将所有研究对象分为早期治疗组(基线CD4+T淋巴细胞计数350～500 cell/μl)和常规治疗组(基线CD4+T淋巴细胞计数≤350 cell/μl),采用生存分析方法进行全死因回顾分析.结果 共纳入16 282例艾滋病患者,常规治疗组病死率明显高于早期治疗组(5.78/100人年vs.1.64/100人年),中位生存期低于早期治疗组中位生存期(2.07年vs.3.15年).常规治疗组6年累积生存率低于早期治疗组(77.39％vs.92.10％,x2=156.00,P＜0.01).多因素分析显示,开始治疗时年龄、性别、婚姻状况、感染途径、初始治疗方案和基线症状数为常规治疗组生存时间的影响因素(P＜0.05),开始治疗时的性别、初始治疗方案和基线症状数为早期治疗组生存时间的影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 早期抗病毒治疗可提高河南省接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者生存率,延长其生存时间.