北京市2013-2014年禽流感疫情期间居民活禽暴露调查

摘要

目的 了解北京市居民在第二波人感染H7N9禽流感疫情期间的活禽暴露(饲养和购买活禽行为)及其影响因素,为禽流感防控提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,对7366名≥18岁居民进行问卷调查.应用非条件logistic回归分析活禽暴露的影响因素.结果 北京市居民在过去1年活禽饲养率和购买率分别为5.3%(95%CI:4.8%~5.8%)和6.0%(95%CI:5.5%~6.5%).logistic回归分析结果显示,饲养活禽的危险因素包括小学及以下文化程度者(比大学及以上文化程度者,OR=1.82,95%CI:1.22~2.72);农民(比在职人员,OR=2.49,95%CI:1.89~3.29)和待业(比在职人员,OR=1.65,95%CI:1.08~2.52);非北京出生(比北京出生者,OR=1.54,95%CI:1.10~2.16);住在郊区(比城市居民,OR=2.36,95%CI:1.77~3.16);家庭有1名儿童(比没有儿童的家庭,OR=1.76,95%CI:1.42~2.17)或≥2名儿童(比没有儿童的家庭,OR=2.15,95%CI:1.43~3.22).购买活禽的危险因素包括农民(比在职人员,OR=1.61,95%CI:1.27~2.02);非北京出生(比北京出生者,OR=1.76,95%CI:1.31~2.35);住在郊区(比住在城区,OR=2.05,95%CI:1.61~2.61);家庭有1名儿童(比没有儿童的家庭,OR=1.24,95%CI:1.02~1.52)或≥2名儿童(比没有儿童的家庭,OR=1.78,95%CI:1.21~2.63).结论 北京市居民仍然存在活禽暴露的情况,应针对不同对象特征采取措施减少活禽暴露.%Objective To investigate human exposure to live poultry (poultry feeding and purchasing) in the residents in Beijing and related factors during the second wave of avian influenza A (H7N9) epidemic during 2013-2014, and provide scientific evidence for avian influenza prevention and control. Methods A total of 7366 adults aged ≥18 years were selected through multi-stage stratified sampling in Beijing for a questionnaire survey. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence factors of human exposure to live poultry. Results The live poultry feeding rate and live poultry purchasing rate in residents in Beijing in the past year were 5.3%(95%CI:4.8%-5.8%) and 6.0% (95%CI: 5.5%-6.5%) respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that lower educational level of primary school and below, (OR=1.82, 95%CI:1.22-2.72);being farmer (OR=2.49, 95%CI:1.89-3.29) or being unemployed (OR=1.65, 95%CI:1.08-2.52);being non local resident (OR=1.54, 95%CI:1.10-2.16);living in suburban area (OR=2.36, 95%CI:1.77-3.16);having one child (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.42-2.17) or ≥2 children (OR=2.15, 95%CI: 1.43-3.22) in the family were the risk factors associated with feeding poultry compared with higher educational level of college and above, being employed, being local resident, living in urban area and having no child. And being farmer (OR=1.61, 95%CI:1.27-2.02);being non local resident (OR=1.76, 95%CI:1.31-2.35);living in suburban area (OR=2.05, 95%CI:1.61-2.61);having one child (OR=1.24, 95%CI:1.02-1.52) or ≥2 children (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.21-2.63) were the risk factors for purchasing live poultry. Conclusion Some residents living in Beijing still have exposure to live poultry, and targeted measures should be taken to reduce the exposure to poultry.