振荡冲击器工作性能理论分析及其结构优化

摘要

针对国内外近几年来主要使用振荡冲击器来提高机械钻速,对此类工具的工作性能进行了理论研究并提出了它在工程技术应用中的结构优化方法.在对振荡冲击器的结构及工作原理进行分析的基础上,首次将瞬变流理论引入并建立了水力脉冲波动压力模型,利用MATLAB软件进行了振荡冲击器水力脉冲数值模拟计算,进而分析了不同因素对振动冲击性能的影响.得出了关键零部件———盘阀的过流面积变化特性,以及盘阀偏心距 e和过流孔半径r对振荡冲击器性能影响规律.建立了该工具产生振动冲击的目标函数,并给出了水力脉冲装置优化步骤.在此基础上,加工了工具的样机,并进行了室内试验.试验验证了振荡冲击器的设计合理性、理论分析的有效性和数值计算的准确性.研究结果为水力脉冲工具优化提供指导意义,并为振荡冲击器在钻井现场应用提供理论支撑.%In recent years,oscillation impacter has been used to improve its penetration rate at home and abroad.The basic theory and structure optimization method in the engineering applica-tion were researched.The theory of transient flow was used to establish the pressure model of hy-draulic impulse wave by analyzing the structure and working principle of the oscillation impacter. Numerical simulation of hydraulic impulse of oscillation impacter by MATLAB software pro-gramming was studied,and the influence of different factors on vibration impact performance was analyzed.The variation characteristic of the flow area of the key parts-disc valve was conducted. The effect law of the eccentricity e and the flow area radius r on the performance was obtained. The objective function which generated conclusive force was built.The steps of the optimization of the hydraulic pulser were established.On this basis,the model machine was processed,and in-door experiments were carried out.The experiment verified the rationality of the design,the va-lidity of the theoretical analysis and the accuracy of the numerical calculation of the oscillation im-pacter.T he results can offer the guide for optimizing the hydraulic pulser,and provide theoretical support for drilling field application of the oscillation impacter.