目的 了解细胞凋亡调节蛋白Bcl-2和Bax在桥本甲状腺炎(HT)中的分布变化及其意义。方法 以非毒性甲状腺肿(NTG)为对照(17例)，采用免疫组织化学方法，检测17例桥本甲状腺炎患者甲状腺标本中Bcl-2和Bax的表达及分布。结果 免疫染色半定量分析及图像分析结果显示，HT中Bcl-2和Bax的免疫染色强度均显著高于对照组(P＜0.01)，其中Bax免疫染色强阳性甲状腺滤泡细胞多分布于浸润淋巴滤泡附近，Bcl-2免疫染色强阳性细胞则多分布于远离浸润淋巴滤泡的区域，但在Bcl-2免疫反应阴性的淋巴滤泡周围亦有少量分布。结论 HT中细胞凋亡调节蛋白Bcl-2和Bax在甲状腺滤泡细胞中呈有特征性分布的高表达；其表达部位及比例的改变可能对甲状腺滤泡萎缩、破坏具有调控作用%Objective To investigate the significance of expression of the apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in the pathogenesis and pathological changes of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Methods Expression and distribution of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in thyroid tissues from 17 patients with HT and 17 patients with nontoxic goiter (NTG) (as controls) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods. Results The intensities of positive immunostaining for Bcl-2 and Bax in thyrocytes from HT patients were significantly higher than those from the NGT patients (P＜0.01). The thyrocytes strongly positively immunostained to Bax in HT were mainly distributed in follicles adjacent to lymphocytic infiltrates while the thyrocytes strongly positively stained to Bcl-2 were mainly distributed far away from lymphocytic infiltrates. But in the vicinity of lymphoid follicles negatively immunostained to Bcl-2, some thyrocytes strongly positive stained to Bcl-2 were also observed. Conclusion High characteristic expressions of apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2 and Bax on thyrocytes from HT are observed. These changes seem to lead to atrophy and destruction of thyroid follicle in HT, whereas the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax and the changing ratio between Bcl-2 and Bax may regulate the apoptosic process of thyrocytes in HT.
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