过量氟对大鼠肾肝心损害的形态学研究

摘要

Objective　To understand the damaged effect of excess fluoride on kidneys,livers and hearts in experimental rats.Methods　The morphologic changes of kidneys,livers and hearts in experimental rats treated with different dose of fluoride for three and five months were observed by microscope.Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was observed in kidney cell by immunohistochemistry.Results　The parenchymal cell of kidneys,livers and hearts in experimental rats treated with excess fluoride were swollen and some cells appeared a focus necrosis.The damaged changes of kidneys were more severe and complicated than that in livers and hearts.Especially,many typers of the focus pathological changes appeared as follows in the high excess fluoride groups for five months from the beginning of the experiment:obstruction and dilation of renal tubules,interstitial fibrosis associated with tubular atrophy,mononuclear cell infiltration and proliferate epithelium of PCNA expression;focal necrosis with calcification;granulomatu and infective focus,and so on.Conclusions　These results suggested that excess fluoride can injure many viscus organs,the kidneys are damaged heavily and their pathol ogic hanges have various characters.%目的　探讨过量氟对实验大鼠 肾、心、肝脏的损害作用。方法　用光镜观察摄入不同过量氟后3个月、5个月大鼠 的肾、心、肝脏的病理形态学变化，用免疫组织化学方法观察大鼠肾组织内增殖细胞核抗原 （PCNA）的表达。 结果　不同剂量过量氟组大鼠肾、心、肝脏的实质细胞肿 胀和单个细胞坏死。肾脏损害病变严重而复杂，特别是5个月高氟组肾组织内出现多种灶状病变、肾小管阻塞和扩张；间质灶状纤维化、小管萎缩、上皮细胞增生伴单个核炎细胞浸润；肾内细胞PCNA高表达；灶状坏死伴钙化；肉芽肿和感染灶等。结论　过量氟可损害多种内脏器官，以肾脏损害最重，其 病变具有多样性特征。