Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in both costal and non-costal areas of Rizhao city Shandong province,and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine.Methods In 2009 and 2010,townships of Lanshan and Donggang were chosen as survey points which situated close to the coast,the counties of Wulian and Juxian that were more than 50 kilometers away from the coast were selected as controls.The iodine concentration of drinking water in every village and water supply point was determined.At the county level,5 to 9 towns were selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,4 villages were selected in each chosen township,8 - 15 households were selected in each chosen village,edible salt from the households was collected; 5 primary schools were selected in each chosen township,60 students aged 8 - 10 were selected to take thyroid examination in each chosen school.Twenty copies of urine samples were collected from the 60 students to detect the iodine concentration.Iodine in drinking water was tested by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry,in iodized salt by direct titration,in urine by arsenic-cerium contact method,and thyroids were examined by palpation.Results Totally 3483 copies of drinking water samples,1164 copies of edible salt samples,and 476 copies of urine samples were tested,and a total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were investigated; and the ratio of water iodine frequency distribution ≤ 10 μg/L (in costal and non-costal area) accounted for 90.03％ ( 1011/1123 ) and 91.10％ (2150/2360),respectively,the medians of water iodine were 5.6 and 4.2 μg/L,respectively; the iodine medians of edible salt were 29.03 and 29.99 mg/kg,respectively; the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 96.77％ (569/588) and 97.05％ (559/576),respectively; total goiter rates were 1.17％(7/600) and 1.33％(8/600),respectively; the medians of urinary iodine were 144.05 and 159.15 μg/L,respectively; the percentages of urinary iodine that bellow 100 μg/L were 26.58％ (63/237) and 22.59％ (54/239),respectively; between 100 - 300 μg/L were 66.75％ (158/237) and 64.02％ (153/239),respectively; above 300 μg/L were 6.75％ (16/237) and 13.39％ (32/239),respectively.Conclusions The costal of Rizhao is an iodine deficient area.The current popularity of household's consumption of qualified iodized salt is suitable.The levels of iodine nutrition of children aged 8 to 10 is appropriate,which met the national standard of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).There is no iodine excess.There are no significant differences in levels of iodine nutrition between costal and non-costal areas on the premise that the same iodized salt is supplied in both the areas,and there is no need to make differentiated supply of iodized salt.%目的 调查山东省日照市沿海与非沿海地区8～10岁儿童碘营养状况,为因地制宜、科学补碘提供参考依据.方法 2009、2010年,选择日照市紧靠海岸的东港区和岚山区为沿海地区调查点,以远离海岸50 km以外的莒县和五莲县为非沿海地区调查点.采用硫酸铈催化分光光度法,检测调查点所有自然村及居民饮用水供水点的含碘量；以县为单位,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位,抽取5～9个乡,每乡抽取4个行政村,每村抽取8～ 15户居民,采集食用盐样,用直接滴定法检测盐碘；每个县抽取5所小学,每所小学抽取60名8～10岁儿童,采用触诊法进行甲状腺检查,收集其中20名儿童的即时尿样,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘.结果 共检测居民饮用水样3483份,沿海及非沿海地区水碘≤10μg/L的比例分别为90.03％(1011/1123)和91.10％(2150/2360),水碘中位数分别为5.6、4.2μg/L;检测居民户食用盐1164份,盐碘中位数分别为29.03、29.99mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率分别为96.77％(569/588)和97.05％(559/576);共调查8～ 10岁儿童1200名,甲状腺肿大率分别为1.17％(7/600)和1.33％(8/600)；共检测8～ 10岁儿童尿样476份,尿碘中位数分别为144.05、159.15 μg/L,＜100 μg/L的比例分别为26.58％(63/237)和22.59％ (54/239),100～300 μg/L的比例分别为66.67％(158/237)和64.02％(153/239),＞300 μg/L的比例分别为6.75％(16/237)和13.39％(32/239).结论 日照市沿海地区外环境缺碘.目前居民户合格碘盐普及情况适宜,8～ 10岁儿童碘营养水平适宜,达到国家消除碘缺乏病(IDD)标准要求,不存在碘过量的问题.沿海和非沿海地区在同样食用碘盐的情况下碘营养水平未见明显差异,无需实行差异化碘盐供应.
展开▼
