城市污泥农用的环境效应及控制标准的发展现状

摘要

Due to biosoilds contains plant nutrients and organic matter, its agriculture utilization is an important disposal or recycling method of this solid waste.In the past decade, there was much research on the forms, behaviors and bioavailability of heavy metals in biosolids and how they are transferred in soil/plant systems.Mean, the environmental effects of organic pollutants and pathogen in biosoilds were attracted more and more attentions.This review compared the properties of domestic and foreign biosolids.It also summarized current advances in agro-application of biosolids, with special emphasis on environmental risk and control criteria/standards.A significant scientific progress was made in this regard.Despite this effort, many uncertainties and data gaps remained in the science of regulation of boisolids in especially China.The review concluded that future studies should focus on the risks of agro-application of biosolids by setting up systematic, long-term field experiments.This would foster greater understanding of the environmental behaviors/effects of biosolid contamination.Such would facilitate the setting up of scientific criteria on the use ofbiosolids in agricultural lands.This brief but comprehensive review has thus provided vital information on future development and utilization of biosolids in agricultural lands.%由于城市污泥中富含植物生长所需要营养元素和有机质,城市污泥农用已成为污泥资源化进程中的重要方式之一.近十几年来,国内外在污泥重金属的形态、生物有效性及其在污泥-土壤-植物系统中的迁移转化规律等方面进行了广泛的研究,并取得显著进展.同时,污泥中有机污染物质和病原体的环境效应也越来越受到关注.但是在我国,污泥农用的环境风险评价的长期性、系统性和田间数据验证还需进一步加强,为合理制定或修改污泥农用标准积累有效的科学数据和提供可靠的科学依据.本文简述了国内外城市污泥的理化性质、污泥农用环境效应以及我国污泥农用标准的研究现状和进展,并对污泥农用研究进行了展望,以期为我国污泥农用的研究和发展提供参考依据.