乐山市五通桥区美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者脱失原因分析及干预对策

摘要

Objective:To investigate the withdrawl cause of methadone maintenance treatment and formulate intervention counter-measures. Methods:Through the management system of methadone maintenance treatment,using telephone pays a return visit to 149 addicts,peer education and public security,community a baseline screening,descriptive analysis of the main reasons of depigmenta-tion,with 117 methadone maintenance treatment personnel and demographic characteristics and heroin use,with infectious diseases, and methadone maintenance treatment. Results:Most of the withdrawl addicts are the Han nationality,no spouse,junior high school, unemployed men,is taken by illegal crime has nothing to do with drugs(17. 45% ),disease/ pregnancy(14. 10% ),for stealing suc-tion compulsory isolation detoxification,death(13. 42% )as the main cause of depigmentation. Conclusion:To reduce the withdrawl rate,increase the rate of retention,creating employment conditions,strengthen the drug and MMT knowledge propaganda,getting sup-port from the society,family,and regulatory and psychological counseling.%目的：探讨美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者脱失情况并制定相应的干预对策。方法：通过美沙酮维持治疗管理系统，对149例脱失患者采用电话回访、同伴教育及公安、社区摸底排查等方式，对脱失的主要原因进行描述性的分析，并与117名美沙酮维持治疗人员人口学特点及海洛因使用、伴发传染病及美沙酮维持治疗情况进行比较。结果：脱失人员中，以汉族无配偶、初中以下文化程度、无业男性居多，因与毒品无关的违法犯罪被抓（占17.45%）、疾病/怀孕（占14.10%）、自认为戒断、因偷吸而被强制隔离戒毒、死亡（各占13.42%）为脱失的主要原因。结论：创造就业条件、加强对毒品及 MMT 知识宣传、争取社会、家人的支持和监管及心理疏导，才能降低脱失率，提高保持率。