增食欲素系统及其功能的研究进展

摘要

两组科学家在1998年分别报道了增食欲素(Orexin).增食欲素A(OXA)和增食欲素B(OXB)是由外侧下丘脑神经元产生的神经肽,通过与两种7次跨膜G蛋白偶联受体——增食欲素受体结合来发挥作用.Orexin主要参与摄食和能量代谢、睡眠-觉醒周期调节,同时也在呼吸、情绪行为、心血管、胃肠道、细胞增殖和凋亡等方面发挥作用.随着近年来研究的进展,Orexin对胰岛β细胞的调节也越来越受到重视,包括Orexin参与的胰腺内分泌和IR两个过程.本文对Orexin系统及其功能的研究进展作一综述.%In 1998,orexin,was reported by two groups of scientists,respectively.Orexin A (OXA)and orexin B (OXB)are neuropeptides,which are produced by neurons in lateral hypothalamus. Orexin triggers its physiology effects by binding to their receptors,two forms of G protein-coupled receptors with seven transmembrane domains.Orexin is involved in food intake energy metabolism,sleep-arousal cycles,and also takes part in respiration,emotional behavior,cardiovascular system,gastrointestinal tract,cell proliferation and apoptosis,Recent researches focus on the role of orexin in the regulation of pancreatic β cell,including pancreatic endocrine system and insulin resistance.Here,we reviewed the research progress of orexin system and its function.