目的：通过观察应用不同容量复苏液即晶体液（乳酸林格液）和胶体液（6％羟乙基淀粉130／0．4 kDa）对急性大量失血大鼠容量复苏后行为学的影响，探讨不同液体对急性大量失血大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为四组：空白对照组（ A组， n＝6），急性大量失血组（B组，n＝18），乳酸林格液组（C组，n＝18），6％羟乙基淀粉（130／0．4）组（D组，n＝18）。所有大鼠在术前5 d均进行Morris水迷宫定位航行训练，在完全学会并记住平台位置的基础上进行放血手术；空白对照组不作处理，其他三组经大鼠股动脉放血，放血量约为总血量的30％（按65 mL／kg计算），C组和D组在失血1 h后经股静脉分别滴注乳酸林格液和羟乙基淀粉，复苏液量分别为失血量的3倍和1倍；测试术后1 d（T1）、3 d（T3）、7 d（T7）翻转水迷宫结果；测试结束后立即将大鼠处死，剥取大鼠脑组织，用干湿法测定脑组织含水量。结果①寻得平台时间：翻转水迷宫测试中， T1和 T3时段， B、C、D 三组寻得平台时间分别为（53．32±10.29）s、（53．32±10．29） s、（42．06±11．47） s、（40．74±16．62） s、（29．26±7．32） s、（32．00±17.79）s，较A组[（14．53±3．37）s]明显延长（P＜0．05）；与B组比较，C、D两组明显缩短（P＜0.05），且D组与C组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；T7时段，四组比较差异无统计学意义。②组织含水量：T1和T3时段， B组与A组组织含水量比较差异无统计学意义；而C组和D组分别为（81．17±11．69）％、（81．00±6．32）％、（79．50±8．37）％、（79．83±7．53）％，较 A 组（77．00±6．32％）明显增加（P＜0．05），且D组明显低于C组（P＜0．05）；T7时段，四组比较差异无统计学意义。结论胶体液（羟乙基淀粉130／0．4 kDa）用于急性失血大鼠容量复苏能够明显减轻急性大量失血大鼠的脑水肿程度，有效改善失血大鼠的空间学习记忆能力，具有较好的脑保护作用。%Objective The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of volume resuscitation fluids on the ability of spatial learning and memory in a rat model of acute massive hemorrhage by observing the praxiology of the rats of acute massive hemorrhage of volume resuscitation with crystalloid (lactate Ringer's solution) or colloid (hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 kDa).Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, including control group ( A, n =6 ) , acute massive hemorrhage group (B,n=18), lactate Ringer’s solution group (C,n=18), 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4 kDa) (D,n=18).All rats were navigation training in the Morris water maze for 5 days and withdrawing blood after they has learned and remembered the position of platform.Control group without treatment, the other three groups were withdrawing blood from the femoral artery, bleeding volume is about 30%of the total blood volume (65 mL/kg) .One hours later, C group and D group’ s animals were resuscitated respectively with hydroxyethyl starch( HES, 130/0.4 kDa ) and lactate Ringer’ s solution.The volume of resuscitation fluids respectively were 1 times and 3 times amount of blood withdrawn.Reversal water maze test was done on the 1 day ( T1 ) , 3 days ( T3 ) , and 7 days ( T7) after operation.After test, the rats were sacrificed immediately, stripping of rat brain tissue, determination of water content in brain tissue by dry wet method.Results In the reversal water maze test, compared with the time for find platform of A group [(14.53 ±3.37)s], B, C, D three groups [respectively:(53.32 ±10.29) s, (53.32 ±10.29) s; (42.06 ±11.47) s, (40.74 ±16.62) s;(29.26 ±7.32)s, (32.00 ±17.79)s] were significantly prolonged (P<0.05) at T1 and T3.But at T7, there were no differences between the different resuscitation groups.Compared with B group, the time of C and D groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05) at T1 and T3.Compared C group and D group, the time of D group was less than that of C group (P<0.05).At T1 and T3, the rats′brain tissue water content [respectively: (81.17 ±11.69)%, (81.00 ±6.32)%; (79.50 ±8.37)%, (79.83 ±7.53)%] of C group and D group were higher than that of A group [(77.00 ±6.32)%, P<0.05], the water content of brain tissue of D group was lower than C group (P<0.05).Conclusion Colloid (hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 kDa) recovery can obviously reduce the degree of brain edema and better improve the ability of learning and memory than crystalloid ( lactate Ringer's solution) group, so it has better protective effect on brain.
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