磁性附着体全口覆盖义齿咬合力分布对基牙牙周组织健康的影响

摘要

目的:分析磁性附着体全口覆盖义齿(COD)咬合力分布与基牙牙周组织健康的关系.方法:选择基牙固位的磁性附着体全口覆盖义齿修复1～2年后的患者14例(16个基牙),检查基牙牙周情况,用T-scaJⅢ测定义齿咬合力分布,并分析两者的关系.结果:12例患者(14个基牙)牙周探诊(GBI、PD)无明显异常,基牙无明显松动,但牙槽骨密度下降,单侧固位的义齿基牙牙槽骨密度下降更明显;义齿前牙区咬合力高于后牙区(P＜0.05);单侧固位的义齿,基牙及基牙侧咬合力均高于对侧(P＜0.05),双侧固位的义齿左右侧咬合力分布无明显差异(P＞0.05).基牙承担的咬合力与牙槽骨密度的下降相关,而与牙槽骨丧失无明确关系.结论:义齿使用一定时间后咬合力分布不均衡,基牙承担较大咬合力会造成基牙牙槽骨密度下降.%AIM:To analyze the relationship between the bite force distribution of complete overdenture (COD) retained by magnetic attachment and the periodontal tissue condition of abutment teeth.METHODS:14 patients with COD (including 16 abutment teeth) retained by magnetic attachment were included.The periodontal condition was checked 1 to 2 years after use of the denture.The bite force distribution was analyzed using the T-scan Ⅲ system.The relationship between the bite force distribution and the periodontal condition of the abutment was studied.RESULTS:There was no significant change in the gingival bleeding index,probing depth and the mobility of 14 abutments in 12 patients,but the alveolar bone density of the abutments decreased,especially the abutments of the unilaterally retained COD.The bite force in anterior teeth area was higher than that in posterior teeth area (P ＜ 0.05).For unilaterally retained COD,the bite force was higher in the abutment and on the side of abutment (P ＜0.05);but for bilaterally retained COD,no significant difference of bite force was observed on 2 sides (P ＞ 0.05).The alveolar bone density of the abutment decreased with the increase of bite force distributed on the abutment,but alveolar bone loss was not observed.CONCLUSION:The distribution of bite force on the COD changes over time.Overloading on the abutment can bring about decrease of alveolar bone density.