屋面光伏板风荷载特性数值分析

摘要

Wind loads play a maj or role in designing of structural systems for roof-mounted photovoltaic panels.The detached eddy simulation method is employed in this study.Computational wind engineering method has been performed to evaluate wind loads on photovoltaic panels mounted on the roof.The simulation results have been compared and validated with a wind tunnel experimental measurements.The main parameters affected wind loads acting on photovoltaic array panels,such as panel tilt angles,the installation locations on the roof,distance between arrays,and wind directions,were considered.The numerical results showed that the mean values of the uplift wind loads increase with increasing in tilt angle from 1 5°to 40°.The numerical data demonstrated that wind loads on the photovoltaic panel were substantially affected by the vortices generated by building roof edges.The study also showed that sheltering effect caused by upwind photovoltaic panels reduced the wind loads on the adj acent panels when they were arranged in tandem.The proposed numerical method and the calculation results could provide an important reference for the design of photovoltaic array supporting systems,which are mounted on the roof,and the building structures.%风荷载在屋面光伏阵列结构体系设计中起控制作用。采用计算风工程的方法分析讨论了屋面光伏板的风荷载特性。数值算法采用分离涡模拟方法。数值计算结果与现有风洞实验数据的比较，验证了本文方法的正确性。考虑影响光伏板风荷载的因素主要有光伏板在屋面上的安装位置、安装倾角、光伏阵列之间的距离和风向等。计算结果表明，屋面处脱落的涡对安装在不同位置的光伏阵列风荷载的影响较明显。当倾角由15°增加到45°时，电池板受到的风荷载随着倾角的增加而增大。在一定阵列间距范围内，光伏板风荷载主要表现为前排对下游光伏板的遮挡影响。本文方法与结果能为屋面光伏建筑结构设计提供重要参考。