In recent years, the health status of laboratory rodent colonies is dramatically improved. However, there are still quite a few important infectious microorganisms staying prevalent or emerging in the laboratory rodent colonies. The health of laboratory rodents affects their suitability for research, accuracy and inlegrity of research data, animal welfare and human health. Therefore, an animal health quality control program, often termed health surveillance, health monitoring, is important to any research facility. Based upon authors' hands-on experiences, the basic principles of health monitoring program were summarized as follows; the necessity of health monitoring, how to develop an effective health monitoring program, sentinel program, common testing methodologies, sampling slraiegy, and how to interpret and respond to health monitoring results. An effective and practical health monitoring program should be established based on those aforementioned principles, and being consummated during implementation.%虽然实验鼠种群的总体健康水平得到了显著的提高,但还是有很多重要的传染性病原体在实验鼠群中流行.实验鼠群的健康状况对于动物福利、科学研究甚或人类健康都很重要.所以必须要对实验鼠群进行健康监测.笔者依据自身的实践和经验,对鼠群健康监测的基本原理进行了分析,包括以下的内容:鼠群健康监测的必要性、健康检测规程的建立、哨兵鼠、常用的监测力法、样本采集原则、对检测结果的解读和应对.相信读者在了解这些基本的原理后,能设定出符合自身设施实际的鼠群健康监测计划并逐步在实践中完善.
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