实验动物四种病原体多重PCR方法的建立与应用

摘要

The aim of this study is to establish a multiplex polymerase chain raction (PCR) to identify of four kinds of laboratory animal pathogens: Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Methods Specific primers were designed based on GenBank data.The multiplex PCR system was established through optimization of multiple PCR and detection of its specificity and sensitivity.This technique was used to test artificially infected samples and tracheal secretions of experimental animals (rat, mouse, guinea pig, rabbit, hamster), and comparing the detection results by this method and traditional detection test.Results Target bands of Pasteurella multocida (356 bp), Bordetella bronchiseptica (237 bp), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (266 bp), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (142 bp) were obtained, with a detection sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae of 10 pg, and that of Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Mycoplasma pneumoniae of 1 pg by this newly developed multiplex PCR assay.No target bands were observed from the non-specific pathogens of artificially infected samples.The tracheal secretions taken from 45 experimental animals (mice and rabbits) were tested with this new PCR assay, among which 15 cases of Klebsiella pneumonia and 9 cases of Pasteurella multocida were detected as positive, while all the results of traditional method and serological test were negative.Conclusions A simple, rapid, specific and highly sensitive multiplex PCR system has been successfully established.It is valuable for detection of Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in laboratory animals.%目的 建立快速检测多杀巴氏杆菌、支气管鲍特杆菌、支原体和肺炎克雷伯杆菌4种实验动物病原体的多重PCR方法.方法 根据GenBank基因设计出特异性引物;经过多重PCR的优化,特异性和敏感性的检测,建立多重PCR体系.应用该PCR体系检测人工感染样本和实验动物的气管分泌物,并与传统方法做对比.结果 多重PCR扩增出多杀巴氏杆菌(356 bp)、支气管鲍特杆菌(237 bp)、支原体(266 bp)和肺炎克雷伯杆菌(142 bp)的目的条带.肺炎克雷伯杆菌敏感性为10 pg,多杀巴氏杆菌、支气管鲍特杆菌、支原体敏感性为1 pg,特异性检测未从其他病原菌中检测出目的条带.应用建立的多重PCR体系检测人工感染样本的不同组合,45只实验动物气管检测出15只多杀巴氏杆菌阳性,9只肺支原体阳性,但传统培养方法和血清学方法未检测出阳性标本.结论 本文建立的多重PCR方法操作简单、快速、特异性强、灵敏度高,能够实现对多杀巴氏杆菌、支气管鲍特杆菌、支原体和肺炎克雷伯杆菌4种实验动物病原体的快速检测.