不同麻醉方法在幼龄贵州小型猪构建颅骨缺损模型及修复术中麻醉效果的比较

摘要

Objective We compared the effect of three anesthetic procedures on the establishment of and recovery effect on the young minipig models of skull defect,and explore an optimal anesthetic procedure for long-lasting surgical experiment in minipigs.Methods Thirty 3-month old Guizhou minipigs (male∶female=1∶1) were randomly divided into three groups,10 in each group.The group A was given with midazolam and ketamine i.p.,the group B received lumianning II i.p.,and the group C received midazolam combined with ketamine and lumianning II i.p.The induction time of anesthesia,the first anesthesia maintenance time,the first anesthesia maintenance period after additional use of anesthetics,the second time anesthesia maintenance period after additional use of anesthetics,the recovery period,the number of times of additional intraoperative use of anesthetics,cumulative amount of anesthetics used,and the adverse reaction and mortality rates of the animals after anesthesia were observed and analyzed.Results The anesthesia induction time in the group B was significantly longer than that in the groups A and C (P<0.05 for both).The anesthesia maintenance time and the anesthesia maintenance after first and second additional use of anesthetics in the groups A were significantly longer than those of the groups A and B (P<0.05 for both).The recovery periods in groups A and C were shorter than that of the group B (P<0.05 for both).The number of times of additional intraoperative use of anesthetics,the total dose of anesthetics,the adverse reaction and mortality rates in the group C were significantly lower than those of the groups A and B (P<0.05 for both).Conclusions The combination of midazolam with ketamine and lumianning II is a simple,easy to control the anesthesia depth,and a safe method to anesthetize young minipigs in long-lasting surgical experiment.%目的 比较3种麻醉方法在幼龄小型猪构建颅骨缺损模型及修复实验中的麻醉效果,从而探索简便、安全、有效的最佳麻醉方案.方法 幼龄贵州小型猪30头,雌雄各半,随机分为3组,每组10头,A组采用咪达唑仑与氯胺酮组混合液肌内注射;B组采用肌内注射陆眠宁II注射液麻醉;C组咪达唑仑联合氯胺酮与陆眠宁II复合肌内注射麻醉.比较3组的麻醉显效时间、首次麻醉维持时间、第1次追加药物麻醉维持时间、第2次追加药物麻醉维持时间、苏醒时间、术中麻药追加次数、麻药累积量、术后动物不良反应及死亡率.结果 B组显效时间长于A、C两组(P<0.05);C组首次麻醉维持时间、第1次追加药物麻醉维持时间、第2次追加药物麻醉维持时间的时长明显大于A、B两组(P<0.05);A、C组苏醒期明显短于B组(P<0.05);C组的追加麻药的次数、用药总剂量、术后不良反应率及死亡率明显低于A、B组(P<0.05).结论 咪达唑仑联合氯胺酮与陆眠宁II复合麻醉是一种操作简单、麻醉深度可控、安全性高的适于手术时间较长的幼龄小型猪外科实验的的麻醉方法.