核酸适配子及其在肿瘤标志物研究中的应用

摘要

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotide ligands that can bind to their targets with high specificity and affinity. Aptamers are selected from a single-stranded oligonucleotide library by the systematic evolution of ligands using the exponential enrichment technique. The aptamers against tumor biomarkers can be used to establish new specific and sensitive approaches for the biomarker assay. These aptamers can also be used to capture tumor cells in the blood for related analysis, deliver drugs to target tumors for targeted chemotherapy, and implement tumor biotherapy by biofunctionally blocking their targets. The selection and application of aptamers against tumor biomarkers are considered a new field in tumor research.%适配子是应用指数富集的配体系统进化(SELEX)技术从单链随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选得到的能与靶标高特异性和高亲和力结合的单链寡核苷酸配体.以肿瘤标志物为靶标的核酸适配子不仅可以用于建立敏感而特异的肿瘤标志物检测新方法,也可用于捕获血液中的肿瘤细胞继而进行相关分析,还可携带药物对肿瘤进行靶向治疗,以及用于阻断靶分子的功能而实现肿瘤的生物治疗.肿瘤标志物的适配子筛选和应用是肿瘤研究的一个新领域.