非小细胞肺癌免疫检查点阻断剂治疗进展

摘要

In China, most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were diagnosed with advanced or metastatic disease on first admission. These patients were treated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapy. However, the 5-year overall survival rate is still low. Immunocheckpoint blockades adjust the immune function, dispatch immune escape, enhance T cell activation, and kill tumor cells. Immunocheckpoint blockade becomes one of the important methods of anti-tumor treatments. This approach may also change the model of NSCLC treatment because of its promising anti-tumor activity. This review summarizes the clinical trials on immu-nocheckpoint blockades in NSCLC and the possibility of combining this technique with other treatments.%目前大部分肺癌患者就诊时已是晚期，不宜手术切除，主要采用放疗、化疗和靶向治疗等综合治疗，5年生存率较低。免疫检查点阻断剂通过调整机体的免疫系统功能，打破肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸机制，使T细胞活化并清除肿瘤细胞，成为一种有效的肿瘤治疗方式。目前免疫检查点阻断剂在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）临床试验中取得一定疗效，很多研究正在开展，这有可能改变NSCLC的治疗模式。本文将阐述免疫检查点阻断剂在NSCLC中的治疗作用及联合其他治疗的应用前景。