混合细胞型肝癌的临床病理分析

摘要

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangio carcinoma (cHCC-CC).Methods 24 cases of cHCC-CC were collected.The clinical pathological characteristics,imaging,immunophenotyping and clinical features were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed the literature.Results There were 18 males and 6 females in 24 cases of cHCC-CC.The age ranged from 36 to 68 years (mean age was 54.38).Tumour location:right hepatic lobe in 15 cases,left hepatic lobe in 6 cases,both left lobe and right hepatic lobe in 1 case,hepatic caudate and left lateral lobe in 1 case,diffuse nodular liver tumors in 1 case.Grossly,the texture and color of tumor was related to the composition of tumor.Microscopically,classic cHCC-CC had two areas composed of hepatocellular carcinoma area and cholangiocar cinoma area of mixed distribution or migration distribution.3 cases were cHCC-CC with stem cell properties (cholangiolocellular carcinoma type,CLC type).Immunohistochemical staining revealed that HCC like area mainly expressed CD10,CK8,Hepatocyte and CD10,cHCC-CC area expressed CK7 and EMA.CLC type expressed the immunophenotypic features of intermediate type of HCC.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of cHCC-CC are not specific,the preoperative diagnosis is difficult,and it should be combined with pathological characteristics,imaging features and immunophenotype diagnosis.%目的 探讨混合型肝细胞-胆管细胞癌(combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangio carcinoma,cHCC-CC)的临床病理学特征、诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后.方法 回顾性分析24例cHCC-CC的临床病理学、影像学、免疫表型特征及治疗,并复习相关文献.结果 24例cHCC-CC中,男性18例,女性6例,年龄36 ～ 68岁,平均54.38岁.肿瘤位于肝右叶15例,肝左叶6例,肝左叶及右叶1例,肝尾叶及左外叶1例,弥漫性肝结节肿瘤1例.眼观:肿瘤质地和切面色泽与肿瘤所含成分有关.镜检:cHCC-CC经典型可见2个区域即肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)和胆管细胞癌(cholangio carcinoma,CC)区域相互混杂分布或移行分布,另见3例伴干细胞特征——细胆管癌(cholangiolocellular carcinoma,CLC)型.免疫表型:HCC区域主要表达CD10、CK8、Hepatocyte及CD10,CC区域表达CK7及EMA,CLC表现为中间型肝细胞免疫表型.结论 cHCC-CC的临床表现无特异性,术前诊断较困难,需结合病理学特点、影像学特征及免疫表型诊断;首选的治疗方法是手术完整切除肿瘤.