二氧化碳作为羧化试剂用于羧酸及其衍生物的合成

摘要

The catalytic transformation of carbon dioxide into high value-added fine chemicals has attracted attention because this will make CO2 into an abundant,inexpensive,and renewable C1 feedstock.More than 20 reactions involving CO2 as a starting material have been developed in recent decades but their successful industrialization is limited.One type of reactions that is technologically viable is to use CO2 as a carboxylative reagent in the production of a wide range of carboxylic acids and derivatives.This review focused on transition metal-catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of various carboxylic acid and derivatives from CO2,by the carboxylation of carbon nucleophiles and C-H bonds and reactions of CO2 with unsaturated organic compounds (especially those with a carbon-carbon multiple bond).This review also included transition metal-free or organocatalytic reactions for the transformation of CO2 into carboxylic acid and derivatives.%二氧化碳是储量丰富、廉价易得且可再生的C1资源,将其催化转化成高附加值精细化学品的研究已经引起了人们的广泛关注.目前,虽然二氧化碳用作初始原料的反应已经工业化的很少,但过去几十年中仍有二十多个具有实际应用前景的二氧化碳参与的新反应被发现,其中以二氧化碳作为羧化试剂合成各种羧酸及其衍生物的反应为突出代表.本文综述了过渡金属催化合成羧酸及其衍生物的二氧化碳与多种碳亲核试剂、碳氢键以及碳碳多重键化合物的反应,并总结了无过渡金属参与或有机小分子催化条件下将二氧化碳转化成羧酸及其衍生物的反应.