Objective To present one adolescent case of cervical spinal eosinophilic granuloma, and to discuss the clinical characteristics, imaging features, differential diagnosis and treatment. Methods An 8-year-old adolescent was admitted to our clinic for neck pain and movement limitation after conservative treatment. Cervical imaging examinations revealed lytic bone lesions involving C3-4, C4-5, C5-6 vertebral bodies. Local tenderness was obvious. The biceps brachii muscle strength of the both upper limbs was weakened and the brachial plexus traction test results were positive. Conservative treatment failed. Anterior cervical spine decompression, bone graft fusion and internal fixation were performed. Results No recurrence was detected postoperatively. The internal fixation was removed 1 year postoperatively with satisfactory results. Conclusions Adolescent cervical spinal eosinophilic granuloma is not common and misdiagnosis may occur. Imaging and biopsy are the keys to its diagnosis. Surgical intervention should be considered when the conservative treatment is ineffective or the lesions continue to develop.
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