蛋白质预算:合成生物学的成本标尺

摘要

The aim of synthetic biology is to design artificial life systems.Such system is hoped to create a better production process with desired ability for bioproduction,biotransformation,adaption and environmental monitoring.However,to design a life system involves understanding the cellular regulation networks at multiple levels,in which the controls of protein level,subcelluar location,and activity are especially critical.Thus tuning protein expression has become essential tools in synthetic biology studies,such as part design,module assembly and compatibility optimization.Protein budget,just like budget for a factory,can be thought as the cost estimating criteria for an artificial cell factory.Protein budget control has provided a powerful optimization strategy for synthetic biology.%合成生物学以创建人工生命体系为目的.实践中人们希望人工生命体系具有更强的生产能力、转化能力、环境适应与监测能力,从而获得更优质的生产方式.生命体系的优化涉及到多层次的调控网络,而根本上还是对细胞中蛋白质的含量、定位、活性的控制.在蛋白质表达水平上进行控制是合成生物学元件设计、模块组装以及适配性研究最核心的手段.类似于工厂中的成本计算,合成生物学创建的人工生命体系(人工细胞工厂)以蛋白质预算为依据.优化蛋白质预算的研究策略已经成功应用于合成生物学研究实践中.