人工基因元件的生理学研究进展

摘要

按照工程学原理人工设计的基因元件应该是模块化的,同时具备可预测地组装和再利用的属性.然而,真正的细胞生理条件下各种层次的生理干涉效应会严重地阻碍人工基因元件的功能性组装,即大多数组装后的人工系统完全或部分丧失预设功能.我们提出合成生理学的概念,将其定义为研究和控制人工生命系统与底盘细胞生理系统相互作用的合成生物学分支领域.在此框架下,本文归纳了细胞生理系统与人工基因元件的相互干涉方式,并对表征和消除这种相互作用的技术方法和设计策略进行综述.%Artificial genetic parts should be modularized and can be predictably scaled up via assembly or reused in other contexts.Under intracellular physiological conditions,however,the functions of the assembled parts are severely impeded by multi-level physiological interference,i.e.,most artificial assembled systems cannot be functional as predicted.Here we proposed a concept of synthetic physiology,defining it as the branch of synthetic biology to investigate and control interferences between artificial genetic parts and intracellular physiological system.Under such framework,we describe the part-host interactions and review the methods and strategies used to characterize and address these interactions.