极端嗜热厌氧菌Caldicellulosiruptor木质纤维素降解研究

摘要

随着能源危机的加剧，木质纤维素作为生产生物能源的重要原料得到人们的广泛关注。目前，极端嗜热厌氧菌Caldicellulosiruptor属已发现8个种，具有高效的木质纤维素降解能力，甚至可以作用于未经预处理的木质纤维素。自从20世纪80年代以来，人们在Caldicellulosiruptor属的菌株生理生化性质、木质纤维素降解机制及转化能力、基因组、转录组及蛋白质组、遗传转化体系等方面，都取得了一系列研究成果。笔者对嗜热厌氧菌Caldicellulosiruptor属木质纤维素降解的研究现状及前景进行综述及展望。%In view of the energy crisis,lignocellulosic biomass,an important source to produce bioenergy has attracted more and more attention in the public interest.The genus Caldicellulosiruptor, a group of extremely thermophilic anaerobes, has been studied, because of its excellent capacity to degrade lignocellulose.Since the 1980′s, people have researched on physiological and biochemical properties, lignocellulose degradation and utilization ability, genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, and genetic transformation system of the genus Caldicellulosiruptor.Current research progress and prospective of lignocellulose degradation by the genus Caldicellulosiruptor are summarized and discussed.