温度对南方小花蝽捕食西花蓟马功能反应的影响

摘要

The functional response and searching efficiency of Orius similis to 2nd instar larva of Frankliniella occidentalis were studied at 19 ℃、22 ℃、25 ℃、28 ℃ and 31 ℃. The results showed that the functional responses of 4th instar, 5th instar nymphs and female adult of O. similis to F. occidentalis could be fitted by Holling Ⅱ’s equation, but the coefficients varied with the instar nymphs of O. similis and the temperatures. The predacious capacities of different stages of O. similis depended to some extent on the density of prey and temperature, being higher at 22-28 ℃ and the lowest at 19 ℃ or 31 ℃. With regard to instantaneous attack rate and searching efficiency, predation of F. occidentalis by the 4th and 5th instar nymph, and female adult of O. similis increased with increasing temperature from 19 ℃ to 25 ℃, but decreased with further increasing temperature.%　　为探明南方小花蝽 Orius similis 对西花蓟马 Frankliniella occidentalis 的控制潜能，开展了不同温度下南方小花蝽对西花蓟马2龄若虫捕食的功能反应及寻找效应的研究。结果表明，在5个温度（19℃、22℃、25℃、28℃和31℃）条件下，南方小花蝽（4龄、5龄、雌成虫）对西花蓟马2龄若虫的功能反应均符合 Holling Ⅱ圆盘方程。南方小花蝽各虫态捕食量的差异与猎物密度和温度有一定的关系。不论何种虫态均以22～28℃的捕食量较高，19℃和31℃捕食量较低。以瞬时攻击率和寻找效应为评价指标，发现在19～25℃，南方小花蝽各虫态对西花蓟马2龄若虫的捕食效能随温度的上升而提高，25℃时达到最高，寻找效应最好；继续升高温度，其捕食效能下降，寻找效应降低。