不同水平钙对氟中毒大鼠肾脏功能损伤的影响

摘要

研究不同水平钙对氟中毒大鼠肾脏损伤的影响,为探索有效防治氟中毒患者的钙制剂剂量的选择提供理论依据.选用健康的21日龄Wistar雄性大鼠50只,随机将其分成5组,每组10只,分为对照组、高氟组(含150mg·kg-1 F)、高氟低钙组(含150 mg· kg-1 F+2％ CaCO3)、高氟中钙组(含150 mg· kg-1 F+3％ CaCO3)、高氟高钙组(含150 mg·kg-1 F+4％ CaCO3).试验进行60 d后,取各组大鼠血液测血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(SCr)的含量；然后取出肾组织称重并计算脏器指数,测定肾组织中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的含量；采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠肾组织CD11及TNF-α蛋白的表达.结果显示:与对照组相比,高氟组体质量显著降低(P＜0.01),血清P含量显著升高(P＜0.05),高氟组肾脏中LDH、SDH、ALP含量增加(P＜0.01),TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达显著升高(P＜0.01)；与高氟组比较,高氟低钙组和高氟中钙组体质量上升(P＜0.05),血清Ca和P含量显著降低,LDH、ALP及SDH含量显著降低,在高氟低钙组中TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达显著降低(P＜0.01)；与高氟组比较,高氟高钙组大鼠脏器指数变化无明显差异(P＞0.05),BUN、SCr含量显著升高(P＜0.05),酶含量无明显变化(P＞0.05),LDH、ALP及SDH含量无显著差异,TNF-α及CD11蛋白表达差异不显著(P＞0.05).结果表明,高剂量的氟可造成肾脏功能的多方面损伤,低中剂量的钙可以不同程度地减轻氟对肾脏的毒性作用,对肾组织具有一定程度的保护作用,但过量的钙不但没有缓解氟对肾脏的毒性作用,反而加剧肾脏功能的损伤.%The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Ca levels on functional injury of kidneys induced by fluoride in rat and provide the theory basis for the selection of calcium dose for treating fluorosis patients. Fifty health Wistar rats at the age of 21 days were chose and randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, high F group (including 150 mg o kg-1 F-), high F and low Ca group (including 150 mg o kg-1 Fand 2% CaCO3), high F and middle Ca group (including 150 mg o kg-1 F and '6% CaCO3) , high F and high Ca group (including 150 mg o kg-1 F and 4% CaCO3). After 60 days, blood was taken to measure the content of calcium (Ca) , phos- phate (P) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN) , serum creatinine (SCr) in the serum. The kidneys were weighted to calculate viscera index. And the enzymatic changes including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected. Immu-nohistochemistry methods were employed to determine the expression of CD11 and TNF-α protein in kidney of male rats. The result showed that, compared to control group, the weight of high F group was decreased significantly (P＜0. 01) ; its P in serum was much higher than normal group (P＜0. 05) ; the content of LDH, SDH and ALP of high F group were successively increased (P ＜0. 01); CDn and TNF-a protein expression was markedly higher (P＜0. 01＝. Compared with the high fluoride group, high F and low Ca group and high F and middle Ca group increased body weight obviously (P＜0. 05＝; the levels of Ca and P in serum and LDH, SDH and ALP in kidney were significantly decreased; expression levels of CDn and TNF-a in high F and low Ca group were significantly inhibited (P＜0. 01＝. Between results of high F and high Ca group and high F group, there was no significant difference (P＞05) in viscera index and the amounts of LDH, ALP and SDH, the BUN and SCr levels was impermissibly high (P＜0. 05＝ , and the expression levels of CD11 and TNF-a didn't show significant changes (P＞0. 05). The results suggested that fluorine in high doses may cause the functional injury of rat kidney. Calcium in both low and middle doses could reduce the toxic effects of kidney caused by fluorine and have the protective role in kidney tissue. The excessive calcium, instead of alleviating the toxic effects of fluorine on kidney, may make the kidney damage more serious.