固态发酵对复合蛋白质饲料营养价值改善效果的研究

摘要

This study focused on the improvement of nutritional value of compound protein feed (CPF) through solid state fer-mentation.CPF was fermented with C.utilis, B.subtilis and Lactobacillus for 3 days, then was dried into fermented com-pound protein feed (FCPF).Digestion and metabolism experiments of soybean meal (8BM), CPF and FCPF were conducted on the basis of analysis of nutrients and amino acids content.Twenty-four Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire growing pigs with body weight of (24.36±1.78) kg were randomly allocated into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate.Pigs in 4 groups were fed N-free diet and semi-purified diets with CPF, FCPF and SBM as only protein source, re-spectively.The experiment lasted for 4 days for adaptation, and 4 days for sampling.The digestibility and availability of protein and energy, and ileal digestibility of amino acids on growing pigs were determined by N-free diet method.The results showed that, solid state fermentation could significantly improve the crude protein, true protein, calcium and total phos-phorus contents of FCPF (P<0.01) ; content of amino acids except arginine were improved.Compared with CPF, digesti-bility and availability of protein and digestibility of energy (P<0.01), apparent digestibility of amino acids (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and true digestibility of amino acids (except Gly) (P<0.05 or P<0.01) were significantly improved.Most nutri-tive property were closed to or better than SBM.In conclusion, solid state fermentation could significantly improve the nu-tritive property and nutrient digestibility and availability of FCPF on 20～50 kg growing pigs.%本文旨在研究同态发酵对复合蛋白质饲料(CPF)营养成分和养分利用效率的改善效果.将产朊假丝酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸杆菌接种到CPF后发酵3 d,干燥制得发酵复合蛋白质饲料(FCPF).在测定豆粕(SBM)、CPF、FCPF常规养分和氨基酸含量基础上进行消化代谢试验.选择体重为(24.36±1.78)kg的杜×长×大生长猪24头,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪,分别饲喂无氮日粮和以SBM、CPF及FCPF作为唯一蛋白质源配制的半纯合日粮,采用无氮日粮法测定SBM、CPF和FCPF对生长猪的蛋白质、能量消化利用率以及氨基酸回肠消化率.预试期4 d,正试期4 d.结果表明:固态发酵极显著提高了FCPF的粗蛋白质、真蛋白质、钙和总磷含量(P<0.01);除精氨酸外,氨基酸含量均有所提高.与CPF相比,FCPF蛋白质消化利用率和能量消化率均极显著升高(P<0.01);氨基酸表观消化率显著或极显著的升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);除Gly以外,FCPF各氨基酸真消化率均显著或极显著的升高(P<0.05或P<0.01).FCPF大部分营养特性接近或优于SBM.由此可知,固态发酵可改善CPF的营养特性,提高其在20～50 kg生长猪上的养分消化利用率.