玉米干酒糟及其可溶物对仔鹅生长性能及肉品质的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平玉米干酒糟及其可溶物( DDGS)对仔鹅生长性能和肉品质的影响.选取160只3周龄扬州鹅(母),随机分为4个组,每个组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅.对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组玉米DDGS占饲粮的比例分别为10％、20％、30％.在试验期每周末称量禁食12 h后的仔鹅体重,以重复为单位记录周采食量,在仔鹅10周龄末屠宰采样,分离胸肌和腿肌,测定仔鹅肉品质.预试期1周,正试期6周(4～10周龄).结果表明:饲粮中添加玉米DDGS对试验组的平均日采食量、料重比无显著影响(P＞0.05);5周龄时,试验Ⅰ组的体重显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),8、9周龄时,试验Ⅱ组的体重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但在整个试验期间各组的平均日增重无显著差异(P＞0.05).试验组胸肌的pH、肉色、剪切力、失水率与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05).在脂质过氧化水平测试期第1天,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组硫代巴比妥酸反应物含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),在第4、5天,3个试验组均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),从整个测试期的每天测试结果看,各组间的硫代巴比妥酸反应物含量均有随着玉米DDGS添加水平的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势.综上所述,在仔鹅的饲粮中添加至30％的玉米DDGS对仔鹅的生长和常规的肉品质指标无不利影响,但会提高仔鹅肌肉的脂质氧化水平,容易引起酸败.%This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and meat quality in geese. One hundred and sixty Yangzhou geese aged 3 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups, each of which was replicated 4 times with 10 geese per replicate. The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal based diet, and experimental groups I , II and III were fed the basal diets containing 10% , 20% and 30% corn DDGS, respectively. Body weight and feed intake were measured weekly. At the end of the experiment, 32 geese were slaughtered and the samples of the breast and leg muscle were taken and measured for the meat quality. An adaptation period lasted for 1 week and was followed by an experiment period for 6 weeks (4 to 10 weeks of age). Results showed that no differences were found in average daily feed intake and feed/gain by adding corn DDGS to the diets (P > 0. 05). There was no significant difference in average daily gain among all groups during the experiment period (P > 0. 05) even though body weight of geese in experimental group II was significantly higher than that of geese in the control group at 8 and 9 weeks of age (P <0. 05). Also no significant difference occurred in pH, meat color, shear force, and water loss rate of breast muscle between experimental groups and control group (P > 0.05). However, leg muscle TBARS content of geese in experimental groups I and II was significantly higher than that of geese in the control group on the first day of the determination period (P <0. 05) , and much higher TBARS content was found on the fourth and fifth day between each experimental group and control group (P<0. 05). From the measured results on each day during the 5-day determination period, there was a trend in TBARS content to increase firstly and then decrease with the dietary levels of corn DDGS increased. In conclusion, there are no effects on growth performance and conventional meat quality when diets containing 0 to 30% corn DDGS, but feeding diets containing corn DDGS to geese results in an acceleration of lipid oxidation in muscle, which will cause the rancidity.