动物食欲调节的中枢信号通路

摘要

Hypothalamus is the center of appetite regulation in animals, which integrates the peripheral and central signals to generate satiety or hunger. 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase( AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are the signals found recently in the network of food or feed intake regulation in the hypothalamus. The pathways of AMPK-ACC-CPT1, UCP2-FOXOl-pCREB, PBK-Akt-mTOR and mTOR-4EBPl/p70S6K-NPY/AgRP are the most important ones. AMPK and mTOR might cross talk in the way of AMPK-TSC-mTOR, the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) and the activity of UNC-51-like kinase (Ulkl). These signaling pathways respond to the signal transmission of nutrients and hormones to the hypothalamus, and regulate the expression of the anorexic or orexigenic peptides, and finally regulate the animal appetite. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24(2) :226-231]%下丘脑是动物食欲调节的中枢,外周食欲信号在下丘脑中经食欲调节网络整合,产生饱感或饥饿.其中,以5’-磷酸腺苷激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)调控位点上的AMPK-ACC-CPT1和UCP2-FOXO1 -pCREB信号通路以及雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)调控位点上的PI3 K-Akt-mTOR和mTOR-4 EBP1/p70S6K-NPY/AgRP信号通路尤为重要.AMPK和mTOR在AMPK-TSC-mTOR通路、固醇类调节因子绑定蛋白(SREBP)基因表达和吞噬启动激酶(Ulk1)活性通路上存在互作.外周营养和能量信号传输到下丘脑后,经过这些网络的传输和分析,作用于下丘脑中的食欲相关肽,最终调控动物的采食行为.