The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of berberine on growth development and blood parameters of meat rabbits. One hundred and twenty-eight 50-day-old New Zealand rabbits with similar body weight were randomly allotted into four groups by a single factor completely randomized block design. One group was control group and the rest were experimental groups. There were thirty-two replicates in each group and one rabbit in each replicate. The rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the rabbits in the three experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg berberine hydro-chloride, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 34 days. The duration of the preliminary experiment was 7 days and the duration of the formal experiment was 27 days. The results showed as follows: the rates of mortality and diarrhoea of the experimental rabbits from the four groups were 9. 38%, 6. 25%, 3. 13%, 3.13% and 1. 52% , 0. 86% , 0. 00, 0. 00, respectively; the final weight, weight gain, daily gain and carcass weight of the experimental rabbits from the 20 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those of the experimental rabbits from the rest groups (P <0.01); the ratio of feed to gain and dressing percentage of the experimental rabbits from the control group were significantly higher and lower than those of the experimental rabbits from the rest groups (P <0.01), respectively; the daily dry matter intake of the experimental rabbits from the 20 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of the experimental rabbits from the 10 mg/kg group ( P <0. 05) and the 30 mg/kg group (P <0. 01) , respectively; the serum glucose concentration of the experimental rabbits from the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental rabbits from the rest groups (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01) , and the serum urea nitrogen concentration of the experimental rabbits from the 20 mg/kg group was significantly lower than that of the experimental rabbits from the rest groups (P < 0.01); the heart coefficient of the experimental rabbits from the control group was significantly higher than that of the experimental rabbits from the 10 mg/kg group (P <0. 05) , the liver coefficient, kidney coefficient and viscera coefficient of the experimental rabbits from the control group were significantly higher than those of the experimental rabbits from the rest groups (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01) , and the spleen coefficient of the experimental rabbits from the control group and the 30 mg/kg group was significandy higher than that of the experimental rabbits from the 10 mg/kg group and the 20 mg/kg group (P <0.05 or P <0.01); compared with the experimental rabbits from the control group, the coefficients of stomach, duodenum, jejunum, caecum and gastrointestinal tract of the experimental rabbits from the 20 mg/kg group were significantly increased (P < 0.01) , the coefficients of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and gastrointestinal tract of die experimental rabbits from the 10 mg/kg group were significantly increased (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01) , and the coefficients of duodenum, jejunum and caecum of the experimental rabbits from the 30 mg/kg group were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the appendix coefficient of the experimental rabbits from the 10 mg/kg group was significandy decreased (P <0. 01). The results can suggest that berberine supplementation to the di- et for meat rabbits, the rates of mortality and diarrhoea and the concentrations of serum glucose and urea nitrogen can be decreased, the growth and finishing performance can be improved, and the development of gastrointestinal tract can be promoted; meanwhile, the development of main visceras can be suppressed, but can not affect their function; in conclusion, 20 mg/kg is the optimum dosage of berberine hydrochloride in the diet of meat rabbits.%本试验旨在研究小檗碱对肉兔生长发育与血液指标的影响.采用单因子随机区组试验设计,选择128只50日龄、体重相近的健康新西兰兔,随机分为4组(1个对照组和3个试验组),每组32个重复,每个重复1只.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加10、20及30 mg/kg盐酸小檗碱的试验饲粮.试验期为34 d,其中预试期为7d,正试期为27 d.结果表明:4组试验兔死亡率和腹泻率分别为9.38％、6.25％、3.13％、3.13％和1.52％、0.86％、0.00、0.00；20 mg/kg组试验兔末重、增重、日增重及胴体重均极显著高于其余3组(P＜0.01),对照组试验兔料重比和屠宰率分别极显著高于和低于其余3组(P＜0.01),20 mg/kg组试验兔日干物质进食量分别显著和极显著高于10 mg/kg组(P＜0.05)和30 mg/kg组(P＜0.01)；对照组试验兔血清葡萄糖浓度显著或极显著高于其余3组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01),20 mg/kg组试验兔血清尿素氮浓度极显著低于其余3组(P＜0.01)；对照组试验兔心脏系数显著高于10 mg/kg组(P＜0.05),肝脏系数、肾脏系数及脏器系数均显著或极显著高于其余3组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且对照组和30 mg/kg组试验兔脾脏系数显著或极显著高于10 mg/kg组和20 mg/kg组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01)；与对照组相比,20 mg/kg组试验兔胃、十二指肠、空肠、盲肠及胃肠道系数均极显著提高(P＜0.01),10 mg/kg组试验兔十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠及胃肠道系数均显著或极显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),30 mg/kg组试验兔十二指肠、空肠、盲肠系数显著或极显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),仅10 mg/kg组试验兔蚓突系数极显著降低(P＜0.01).结果提示:饲粮添加小檗碱可降低肉兔死亡率、腹泻率及血清葡萄糖与尿素氮浓度,改善生长与育肥性能,促进胃肠道发育；同时,小檗碱会抑制肉兔主要脏器发育,但不会影响其功能；综合而言,肉兔饲粮中添加20 mg/kg盐酸小檗碱较为适宜.
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