刺五加多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及粪便微生物菌群的影响

摘要

本试验在基础饲粮中添加刺五加多糖,旨在研究其对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及粪便微生物菌群的影响.试验选用96头平均体重为(7.125 ±0.576) kg的28日龄断奶的“长白×约克夏”二元杂交仔猪,随机分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪.其中Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮；Ⅱ～Ⅵ组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加150、300、500、800、1 000 mg/kg刺五加多糖的试验饲粮,试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)饲粮中添加刺五加多糖能够显著地提高试验全期(1 ～21 d)Ⅳ、V、Ⅵ组断奶仔猪的平均日增重(P＜0.05),显著地降低试验15～21 d时Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V和Ⅵ组的料重比以及试验全期各试验组的腹泻率(P＜0.05),但对试验各阶段的平均日采食量无显著影响(P＞0.05).2)刺五加多糖能够显著提高试验全期Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V组断奶仔猪血清中免疫球蛋白A含量(P＜0.05),显著提高试验l ～14d时Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V组和试验全期Ⅳ、V组免疫球蛋白G含量(P＜0.05),显著提高试验全期V组免疫球蛋白M含量(P＜0.05).3)刺五加多糖可以显著提高断奶仔猪粪便中乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量(P＜0.05),显著降低大肠杆菌的数量(P＜0.05).综合本试验各项指标,断奶仔猪饲粮中刺五加多糖最适宜添加量为800mg/kg.%This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Acathopanas senticosus polysaccharides (ASPS) on growth performance, serum immune indices and microbial flora in feces of weaner piglets. Ninety-six 28-day-old weaner piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire) with an average body weight of (7. 125 ±0. 576) kg were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 4 piglets in each replicate. Piglets in group Ⅰ (control) was fed a basal diet, and those in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 150, 300, 500, 800 and 1 000 mg/kg ASPS, respectively. Piglets were raised for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the supplementation of ASPS significantly increased average daily gain ( ADG) of weaner piglets in groups Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ at 1 to 21 days of experiment (P < 0. 05) , and compared with the control group, feed/gain (F/G) of weaner piglets in groups Ⅲ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ at 15 to 21 days of experiment and diarrhea rate of weaner piglets in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ at 1 to 21 days of experiment were significantly decreased (P <0.05) , but no significant difference was found in average daily feed intake (ADFI) of weaner piglets at 1 to 21 days of experiment (P >0. 05). 2) The supplementation of ASPS significantly increased serum immu-noglobulin A (IgA) content of weaner piglets in groups Ⅲ , Ⅳ and Ⅴ at 1 to 21 days of experiment (P < 0. 05) , immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in groups Ⅲ , Ⅳ and Ⅴ at 1 to 14 days of experiment and in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ at 1 to 21 days of experiment (P <0. 05) , and immunoglobulin M (IgM) content in group Ⅴ at 1 to 21 days of experiment (P <0. 05). 3) The supplementation of ASPS significantly increased the number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in feces of weaner piglets (P <0.05) , and significantly decreased the number of Escherichia coli (P <0. 05). It is concluded that 800 mg/kg ASPS in diets for piglets is the best.