沙蒿与玉米秸秆混合比例和乳酸菌制剂对混合青贮饲料品质的影响

摘要

为了研究沙蒿与玉米秸秆混合比例和添加乳酸菌制剂对混合青贮饲料品质的影响，试验设置5个沙蒿与玉米秸秆的混合比例（100％沙蒿、75％沙蒿＋25％玉米秸秆、50％沙蒿＋50％玉米秸秆、25％沙蒿＋75％玉米秸秆和100％玉米秸秆，鲜重），每个混合比例的青贮饲料分别添加0、1、3和5 g/t（鲜重）乳酸菌制剂，共计20个处理。使用聚乙烯袋真空包装，室温贮藏60 d后开启取样分析。结果表明：与沙蒿直接青贮相比，沙蒿和玉米秸秆混合青贮饲料的pH显著降低（ P＜0．05），乳酸和粗蛋白质含量显著提高（ P＜0．05），干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的体外消化率显著提高（ P＜0．05）；100％沙蒿和75％沙蒿＋25％玉米秸秆的青贮饲料中添加乳酸菌制剂可显著降低pH（ P＜0．05），对有机酸含量、氨态氮占总氮量和各营养成分及其体外消化率没有显著性影响（ P＞0．05）；玉米秸秆和乳酸菌对青贮饲料的pH、氨态氮占总氮量、粗蛋白质含量、粗脂肪含量和酸性洗涤纤维体外消化率的交互作用显著（ P＜0．05）。综上，沙蒿调制青贮饲料可改善适口性和提高饲料价值；沙蒿与玉米秸秆混合青贮可改善青贮饲料的发酵品质，提高营养价值和体外消化率；按照100％沙蒿和75％沙蒿＋25％玉米秸秆青贮时，添加乳酸菌制剂可改善青贮饲料的pH和提高乳酸含量。%In order to study the effects of the mixing ratio of Artemisia desterorum Spreng and corn straw, and the adding lactic acid bacteria on the quality of the mixed silages, this experiment was set 5 mixing ratios of Ar-temisia desterorum Spreng and corn straw ( 100%Artemisia desterorum Spreng, 75%Artemisia desterorum Spreng+25%corn straw, 50% Artemisia desterorum Spreng+50% corn straw, 25% Artemisia desterorum Spreng+75%corn straw and 100%corn straw, fresh weight) , and each mixed silages supplied with 0, 1, 3 and 5 g/t lactic acid bacteria ( fresh weight) .There were 20 treatments.The silages were packaged by vacuum packager in polyethylene bags, stored at room temperature for 60 days, and then to open the bags and analyze. The results showed as follows: compared with Artemisia desterorum Spreng silage only, Artemisia desterorum Spreng mixing with corn straw made the pH significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the contents of lactic acid and crude protein and the in vitro digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were significantly increasedin the silages ( P<0.05) .The addition of lactic acid bacteria could significantly re-duce the pH of the silages with 100%and 75%Artemisia desterorum Spreng ( P<0.05) , and did not affect the contents of organic acids, the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, nutrition composition and in vitro digestibility ( P>0.05) .There was significant interaction between corn straw and lactic acid bacterial in pH, ammonia ni-trogen/total nitrogen, crude protein content, crude fat content and in vitro digestibility of acid detergent fiber in the silages ( P<0.05) .In summary, the palatability and the feed value of Artemisia desterorum Spreng are im-proved by ensiling.The fermentation quality, nutrition value and in vitro digestibility are improved in silages with corn straw.The lactic acid bacterial can improve the pH and lactic acid content in the silages with 100%and 75%Artemisia desterorum Spreng.