环境温度、湿度等因素对家禽体温调节的影响及评估模型

摘要

Thermal environment plays an important role in welfare, health and productive performance of poultry. Poultry are a homoeothermic, and can maintain thermostasis by regulating the heat production and loss when the ambient temperatures, humidity change, so the thermoregulation is a significant index for reflecting the poultry comfort degree. This article is aimed to summarize and analyze the effects of ambient temperature, humidity and air velocity on poultry thermoregulation indicators such as heat production, feed intake, evapora?tive heat loss, respiratory rate, skin temperature and core temperature, to provide the reference for establishing the comfort environment model and regulating the thermal environment scientifically.%温热环境是影响家禽福利、健康以及生产性能的重要因素. 家禽属恒温动物,当环境温度、湿度等因素改变时,可通过调节自身产热和散热维持体温恒定,因此家禽体温调节的变化是反映温热环境舒适程度的重要指标. 本文针对环境温度、湿度、风速对家禽产热量、采食量、蒸发散热量、呼吸频率、皮肤温度、深层体温等体温调节指标的影响进行了总结和分析,为今后研究、建立家禽舒适环境模型,科学调控家禽舍内温热环境提供参考.