植物提取物中的活性物质有黄酮类、植物精油、生物碱、茶多酚、皂苷和多糖等,这些活性物质在动物机体内具有抗菌、抗氧化、增强肠道免疫、促进消化酶分泌及改善肠道健康等多种生理功能,且具有无残留和无耐药性等特点,是抗生素的理想替代品之一.本文借鉴国内外学者近年来的植物提取物在家禽肠道健康调控方面的研究成果,对植物提取物的抑菌活性成分及抗菌机制进行了概括和阐述,重点综述了植物提取物对家禽肠道消化生理、肠道发育及黏膜形态、肠道菌群、肠道免疫和肠道有害代谢产物的影响及其作用机制,以期为今后在家禽生产中合理使用植物提取物提供科学依据.%Plant extracts contain flavonoids, essential oils, alkaloids, tea polyphenols, saponins, polysaccha-rides and other physiological active ingredients, and they have many functions, such as antibacterial ability, exhibit antioxidant, immunomodulator, antiparasitic, digestion stimulating, and hypolipidemic activities in pro-tecting gut health. They have been successfully used as a dietary antibiotic replacer just because without residues and drug tolerance. This paper summarized the antibacterial activity ingredients and its potential mechanisms by checking much more domestic and foreign achievements, which focused chiefly on the effects of plant extracts on poultry digestive physiology, intestinal mucosal morphology, intestinal microflora, intestinal immune, in-testinal harmful metabolic products and its mechanisms to provide the references for further research and appli-cation of the plant extracts as additives in poultry production.
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