巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶对犊牛生长发育和血清免疫指标的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶对犊牛生长发育和血清免疫指标的影响.选用18头3日龄、体重相近的健康荷斯坦奶公犊牛,随机分为2组,对照组犊牛饲喂β-内酰胺类有抗奶,试验组犊牛饲喂巴氏杀菌β-内酰胺类有抗奶,每组9头.巴氏杀菌条件为63~65 ℃加热30 min,犊牛61日龄断奶,试验期为180 d.结果表明:1)与β-内酰胺类有抗奶相比,巴氏杀菌 β-内酰胺类有抗奶中总细菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量均极显著降低(P<0.01);2)与对照组相比,试验组犊牛在3~60日龄期间的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,试验组犊牛30日龄血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量、15和30日龄血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量均显著升高(P<0.05),30日龄血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著降低(P<0.05), 15日龄血清白细胞介素1β(IL?1β)含量显著升高(P<0.05),7日龄血清白细胞介素6(IL?6)含量显著降低(P<0.05).结果提示,饲喂经过巴氏杀菌的β-内酰胺类有抗奶提高了哺乳期犊牛的生长发育,且在一定程度上影响犊牛免疫系统,但无法确定有增强或抑制作用.%This study was performed to investigate the effects of feeding pasteurized β?lactam antibiotic milk on growth, development and serum immune parameters of calves. Eighteen healthy 3?day?old Holstein male calves with similar body weight was randomly divided into 2 groups with 9 calves per group. Calves in control group were fed β?lactam antibiotic milk, and those in experimental group were fed pasteurized β?lactam antibiotic milk. The pasteurization condition was as follows: milk was heated at 63 to 65 ℃ for 30 min. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age,and the experiment period was 180 days. The results were as follows:1)compared with β?lactam antibiotic milk, the counts of total bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in pasteurized β?lactam antibiotic milk were significantly decreased(P<0.01);2)compared with control group, average daily gain of calves during 3 to 60 days of age of experimental group was significantly higher(P<0.05);3)com?pared with control group,serum immunoglobulin A(IgA)content at 30 days of age,and serum immunoglob?ulin M(IgM)content at 15 and 30 days of age was significantly lower(P<0.05), serum immunoglobulin G (IgG)content at 30 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05),serum interleukin 1β(IL?1β)content at 15 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05), and serum interleukin 6(IL?6)content at 7 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05). The results prove that the feeding of pasteurized β?lactam antibiotic milk can improve growth and development of lactating calves, and has effects on immune system, however, the conclusions of promotion or inhibition can not be made.