绿原酸对仔猪生长性能、血清免疫球蛋白及肠道黏膜形态与消化吸收能力的影响

摘要

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of chlorogenic acid (CA) on growth performance,serum immunoglobulins,intestinal mucosa morphology,digestive and absorptive capacity of piglets.Twentyfour healthy Duroc ×Landrace× Yorkshire weaned piglets with similar body weight of (9.45± 0.20) kg were randomly allocated to 4 groups:1) control group,be given a basal diet;2) CA250 group,be given the basal diet with 250 mg/kg CA;3) CA500 group,be given the basal diet with 500 mg/kg CA;4) CA1000 group,be given the basal diet with 1 000 mg/kg CA.Each group was represented by 6 replicates with 1 piglet per replicate.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in average daily gain and average daily feed intake among all groups (P＞0.05).The feed to gain ratio (F/G) in CA1000 group was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05).2) No significant differences in serum contents of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M were found among all groups (P＞ 0.05).The serum immunoglobulin G content in CA1000 group was significantly higher than that in control group and CA250 group (P＜0.05).3) The duodenal villus height and villus to crypt ratio (V/C) in CA1000 group were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).The duodenal crypt depth in experimental groups was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05).The villus height and width of jejunum in CA1000 group were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in villus height,villus width,crypt depth and V/C of ileum among all groups (P＞0.05).4) The duodenal sucrase activity in experimental groups was increased,but showed no significant differences compared with control group (P＞0.05).The duodenal maltase activity in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in jejunal sucrase activity among all groups (P＞0.05).The jejunal maltase activity in experimental groups was increased,but showed no significant differences compared with control group (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in ileal sucrase activity among all groups (P＞0.05).The ileal maltase activity in CA1000 group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).5) There were no significant differences in the relative expression of sodiumdependent glucose transporters 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) genes in duodenum among all groups (P＞0.05).No significant differences in SGLT1 relative expression in jejunum were found among all groups (P＞0.05).The GLUT2 relative expression in jejunum in CA1000 group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).The SGLT1 relative expression in ileum in experimental groups was increased compared with control group,and the SGLT1 relative expression in ileum in CA1000 group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the GLUT2 relative expression in duodenum among all groups (P＞0.05).In conclusion,it is suggested that the amount of CA supplementation in piglet diet is 1 000 mg/kg.The suggested amount of CA can reduce the F/G significantly,enhance the immune function,improve the intestinal mucosa morphology,promote the digestive and absorptive capacity,which in turn raise the growth performance of weaned piglets.%本试验旨在研究绿原酸(CA)对仔猪生长性能、血清免疫球蛋白及肠道黏膜形态与消化吸收能力的影响.试验选取24头初始体重相近[(9.45±0.20)kg]的健康“杜×长×大”三元断奶仔猪,随机分为4组:1)对照组,基础饲粮;2)CA250组,基础饲粮+250 mg/kg CA;3)CA500组,基础饲粮+500 mg/kg CA;4)CA1000组,基础饲粮+1 000 mg/kg CA.每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪.试验期为14 d.结果表明:1)各组间平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)均无显著差异(P＞0.05),CA1000组料重比(F/G)显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).2)各组间血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白M含量均无显著差异(P＞0.05),CA1000组血清免疫球蛋白G含量较对照组和CA250组显著升高(P＜0.05).3)CA1000组十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),试验组十二指肠隐窝深度均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);CA1000组空肠绒毛高度和绒毛宽度显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);各组间回肠绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、隐窝深度及V/C值均无显著差异(P＞0.05).4)试验组十二指肠蔗糖酶活性均较对照组有所增加,但无显著差异(P＞0.05),麦芽糖酶活性均较对照组显著升高(P＜0.05);各组间空肠蔗糖酶活性无显著差异(P＞0.05),试验组空肠麦芽糖酶活性较对照组有所上升,但差异不显著(P＞0.05);各组间回肠蔗糖酶活性无显著差异(P＞0.05),CA1000组回肠麦芽糖酶活性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).5)各组间十二指肠钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白1(SGLTl)和葡萄糖转运蛋白2(GLUT2)基因相对表达量均无显著差异(P＞0.05);各组间空肠SGLn基因相对表达量也无显著差异(P＞0.05),CA1000组空肠GLUT2基因相对表达量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);试验组回肠SGLn基因相对表达量均较对照组有所增加,且CA1000组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但各组间回肠GLUT2基因相对表达量无显著差异(P＞0.05).综上所述,断奶仔猪饲粮中CA的适宜添加量为1 000 mg/kg,添加该剂量CA能显著降低仔猪F/G,增强免疫功能,改善小肠形态与消化吸收能力,从而提高断奶仔猪生长性能.