冷场扫描电镜结合X-射线光电子能谱解析表面活性剂对含聚油泥稳定结构的影响

摘要

为解决胜利油田孤岛聚合物产生的高稳定性含聚油泥难以处理的问题,采用冷场扫描电镜(SEM)结合X-射线光电子能谱(XPS),对含聚油泥体系的结构及不同类型表面活性剂对油泥的作用进行分析.结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)和聚合氯化铝(PAC)作用产生的Al-O键和N+-Cl键会形成空间网状沉淀物质,而此种空间网状沉淀物质正是造成含聚油泥体系稳定性强的主要原因.非离子型表面活性剂EL100可以有效打破Al-O键和N+-Cl键,进而破坏网状结构,使N元素以N-(CH3)3的形式存在,从而减弱含聚油泥的稳定性；阴离子型表面活性剂AES不能破坏Al-O键和N+-Cl键,且N-(CH3)3结构含量有所降低,使含聚油泥稳定性略微增强；阳离子型表面活性剂CTMAB可明显降低N-(CH3)3的含量,使N元素以N+-Cl键的形式存在,显著增强含聚油泥稳定性.%To solve the problem of strong stabile polymer sludge produced that is difficult to deal with in Shengli oil field, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were selected to analyze the construction of the polymer sludge and the influence of the surfac-tants affect on it. The results show that the main reason that causes the strong stability of polymer sludge is the network precipitate made by the hydrolyzed polyacryamide (HPAM) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC), while the network precipitate is connected by the chemical bonds of Al-O and N+-Cl . The non-ionic detergent EL100 could effectively break the chemical bonds of Al-O and N+-Cl , make the element N occurred in the form of N-(CH3)3 , and then break the network structure, thus decrease the stability of polymer sludge; The anionic detergent sodium alcohol ether sulphate (AES) could not break the chemical bonds and decrease the content of N-(CH3)3 con-struction, thus increase the stability of polymer sludge slightly. The cationic detergent CTMB could remarkably decrease the content of N-(CH3)3 construction, and make the element N occurred in the form of N+-C bond, which will remarkably increase the stability of polymer sludge.