Recent progress in application of nanomaterial for DNA detection except for PCR systems is reviewed. Nanomaterial-(nanoparticles and nanowires/tubes) or nanofabrication-based DNA detection methods are introduced. Studies reveal that nanomaterial-based DNA detection methods offer several advantages over the traditional PCR systems in the orientation, visualization and multiplexing. Especially, in the research of nanomaterial-based detection, methods with nanoparticle are studied, including colorimetrical detection, fluorescent detection, resonance light scattering detection, scanometric detection, surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection, bio-bar-code detection, electrochemical detection, MALDI-TOF MS detection, and elemental analysis detection. For the nanofabricationbased DNA detection, four methods are presented: nanopatterning, nanoelectromechnical devices,nanopore, and microarray detection methods.%本文主要评述了近年来纳米材料在除了PCR领域以外的DNA检测方面的研究进展.对以纳米材料(纳米粒子、纳米纤维、纳米线、纳米管)为单元,或以纳米器件的制备为实验方法而开展的DNA检测方面的工作进行了介绍.研究表明,基于纳米材料的DNA检测法,无论是在定位、可视化还是多重检测等方面都比传统PCR技术的检测方法表现出其自身的优越性.在以纳米材料为单元的研究中,基于纳米粒子标记的DNA检测方法研究的最多.本文分别进行了例证说明,具体内容包括:比色法、荧光检测法、共振光散射法、表面增强拉曼光谱法、电化学法、MALDI-TOF质谱分析法、元素分析法.而围绕纳米器件制备方法开展的DNA检测研究中,从4个方面进行了介绍:纳米排列图案法、纳米电机械设备法、纳米孔检测法和微排列检测法.
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