以绿色、简单、成本低的球磨方法制备的石墨烯为碳源,采用一步水热法成功制备了分散性好、尺寸分布均一、平均直径为(4.80 ± 0.20) nm、厚度为1~3层石墨烯烯量子点.分别采用高分辨透射电镜、原子力显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等对石墨烯量子点进行形貌、结构以及荧光性能的表征. 合成的石墨烯量子点可用于Fe.3+的非标记、特异性检测,检测线性范围为2.0×10.-6~7.0×10.-4 mol/L,检出限为1.8×10.-6 mol/L(S/N=3),同时对检测机理进行了推断,证明此石墨烯量子点用于自来水中Fe.3+的检测的可行性;基于其低毒性和优良的生物相容性,所制备的石墨烯量子点可应用于细胞成像研究.本研究为碳纳米材料的制备提供了一种新途径,也为石墨烯量子点在生化分析、成像等方面的研究奠定了基础.%A ball milling method which is green with simple-manipulation and low-cost was used to prepare graphene as precursor for graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesis.Subsequently, GQDs with good dispersibility, uniform size distribution, average diameter of (4.80 ± 0.20) nm and 1-3 layers were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method.The morphology, structure and optical properties of the GQDs were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.Furthermore, the GQDs were used in label-free and specific detection of ferric ion (Fe.3+) with broad linear ranges of 2.0×10.-6-7.0×10.-4 mol/L and low detection limit of 1.8 × 10.6 mol/L (S/N=3).The possible mechanism was also discussed and the application of GQDs for Fe.3+ detection in tap water was demonstrated.Finally, based on their low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared GQDs were successfully applied to efficient cell imaging.This work provides a new way for preparation of carbon-based nanomaterials and build a foundation for deepening applications of GQDs in bio-/chem-analysis, bioimaging, etc.
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