利用山西省冬小麦种植区80个站点1961-2010年地面0cm日温度资料和冬小麦霜冻灾情资料,以地面0cm日最低温度界定霜冻过程,以霜冻过程为尺度构建霜冻的气候指标即过程积霜,分析该气候指标的年际变化及空间分布.结果表明,用年历次霜冻过程积霜和的相对值区分霜冻可能年份与其它年份有较好的效果.轻、中、重霜冻以及全部霜冻过程积霜和多年均值具有良好的空间一致性.对于同一区域,重霜冻积霜和多年均值最大,中霜冻次之,轻霜冻最小.根据地面0cm温度构建的霜冻气候指标,是进行霜冻实时评估和霜冻风险区划的基础.%Based on ground surface temperature data of 80 meteorological stations and frost damage losses data of winter wheat from 1961 to 2010 in winter wheat planting area in Shanxi province, authors defined the frost processes with minimum ground surface temperature, and constructed the climatic index with frost process, and then analyzed the annual variation and spatial distribution of climatic index. The results showed that the possible frost years could be identified by relative accumulated frost. The mean value distribution of accumulated frost of mild frost damage, moderate frost damage, severe frost damage and all frost processes were similar. The mean value of accumulated frost was in sequence of severe frost damage > moderate frost damage > mild frost damage in same region. The climatic index for frost damage constructed by ground surface temperature was the research foundation of making real - time evaluation and risk zonation for frost damage.
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