In recent years,the phenomenon of rural hollowing happened. The poor area of loess hilly region was more serious due to its special geological and geomorphological environment and human factors. This paper explored the current situation of rural hollowing in poor counties represented by Heshun county,analyzed its influence,and put forward some countermeasures to change the phenomenon of county hollowing and promote the return of labor, with a view to adjust the industrial structure and promote the efficient use of rural land and construction land. The literature review and field survey methods were used in this paper. The results showed that the degree of rural hollo-wing in above a third villages was over 50%. There were elders and children left in rural areas,80% of the villages went back to the village no more than five times a year. 13.75% of arable land had been abandoned,56.79% of the villages did not take measures to promote the repatriation of labor force. Rural hollowness had brought some problems to the countryside,such as a large number of abandoned arable land, slow development of rural indus-tries, rural living environment deterioration, medical and education difficulties. Therefore, it proposed that it should take measures to promote the return of the labor force,increase fund and technology input,and so on.%[目的] 近年来,大量农民进城务工导致了多地农村出现空心化现象,而黄土丘陵区贫困区由于其特殊的地质地貌环境和人为因素导致该区域的农村人口空心化现象尤为严重.文章旨在探究以和顺县为代表的黄土丘陵区贫困县农村空心化的现状,分析其影响,并根据农村当地的实际情况和研究成果,对改善和顺县空心化现象和促进劳动力回流给出了对策方案和治理建议,以期为和顺县调整产业结构、促进农村耕地和建设用地高效利用最终实现精准扶贫提供科学依据.[方法] 该文以和顺县为例,在借鉴了许多学者的研究成果基础上,结合实地调查的数据,通过定量分析的方法研究和顺县农村空心化的基本现状和影响.[结果] (1) 和顺县超过1/3的村庄空心化程度大于50%;(2) 外出人口主要为60岁以下的村庄数量超过了调查村庄总数的80%,留守以老人和儿童为主,80%的村子每年回村的次数不超过5次;(3) 大部分村庄的耕地出现了荒废的情况,13.75%荒废程度较严重;56.79%的村庄没有针对空心化现象采取促进劳动力回流的措施.[结论] 农村劳动力迁移导致农村空心化给农村带来了一些积极的影响,但其带来的问题也不容忽视.包括大量耕地被闲置和抛荒、农村产业发展缓慢、农村居住环境恶化、留守老人看病困难、留守儿童教育困难等.在调查中,有半数以上村庄没有针对空心化现象采取促进劳动力回流的措施,而部分采取措施的村庄中,多数村庄遇到了资金、技术等困难,使得这些措施的效果不明显.
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