年轻女性乳腺癌的影像表现和组织病理学特征分析

摘要

Objective:To summarize the imaging and histopathological features of breast cancer in young women younger than 35 years. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the digital mammographic,sonographic and histopathological data of 261 young women (≤35 years) with histopathologically proven breast cancer undergoing operation,analyzed the shape,margin,density,form and distribution of calcification,posterior features,blood flow signal of lesions in digital mammography,sonography and metastases quantity of lymph nodes,histological grade in pathological. Partial middle age(36~60 years)and elderly(≥61 years) patients at the same time were selected to made comparison. Results:The digital mammographic features:the mass,the ratio of oval-shape and equal density in young women bigger than elderly group (P=0.022,P<0.001);the ratio of circumscribed-margin bigger than middle age group and elderly group (P=0.001,P=0.031);the calcification,the ratio of amorphous in young women bigger than middle age group and elderly group ( P=0 . 002 , P<0 . 001 ) . The ultrasonographic features:the mass , the ratio of oval-shape in young women bigger than elderly group (P=0.011);the ratio of circumscribed-margin and parallel bigger than middle age group and elderly group (P<0.05). The metastases quantity of lymph nodes in young women more than middle age group and elderly group,histological grade higher than middle age group and elderly group (P<0.05). Conclusion:The ratio of benign features in young women with breast cancer bigger than middle age group and elderly group in digital mammography and sonography. The young women with breast cancer have more metastasis quantity of lymph node and higher histological grade.%目的:总结35岁以下年轻女性乳腺癌患者的影像表现及组织病理学特征.方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的261例年轻组(≤35岁)女性乳腺癌患者的乳腺X线摄影、超声检查及组织病理学资料,分析总结乳腺X线摄影及超声检查中病变的形状、边缘、密度、钙化形态、钙化分布、后方回声特点、血流信号等;对病变的组织学级别及淋巴结转移数量等进行分析,并选择同期经手术病理证实的部分中年组(36~60岁)及老年组(≥61岁)乳腺癌患者进行比较.结果:乳腺X线摄影:年轻组椭圆形、等密度肿块的比例大于老年组(均P<0.05),肿块边界清楚的比例大于中年组和老年组(均P<0.05),不定形钙化的比例大于中年组和老年组(均P<0.05).超声检查:年轻组椭圆形肿块的比例大于老年组(P=0.011),病变边界清楚、纵横比<1的比例大于中年组和老年组(P<0.05).年轻组乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移数量较中年组和老年组更多,组织学级别较中年组和老年组更高(P<0.05).结论:年轻女性乳腺癌患者的X线摄影及超声检查表现为良性病变特征的比例大于中年组和老年组.年轻女性乳腺癌患者的淋巴结转移数量更多,组织学级别更高.