液压马达自动送钻装置的研制

摘要

A hydraulic motor auto-driller device is one of the important equipments of hoisting system of drilling rig.The auto-driller device of drawworks can perform emergency operation and improve the maximum drill string weight when the main system fails.Two modes of constant WOB and constant speed bit feeding can be selected according to the requirement of drilling operation to complete the setting of auto-driller.By setting the constant torque and drawing the drum inversely,we can make the system realize the automatic adjustment of feeding speed and safety protection in the drilling process to keep pressure and speed constant during drilling operation.The device uses the combination of computer and hydraulic control technologies to achieve hydraulic motor accuracy control and realize high accuracy automatic drilling.The control system completes information integrated processing and bit feeding control during drilling operation through receiving signals of continuous external WOB measuring and hydraulic motor speed detection unit by the PLC programming technology.The device is worth popularizing and applying after the application of 17 sets of drilling rigs and more than 30 oil wells in oilfield.%液压马达自动送钻装置是石油钻机提升系统中重要的设备之一,当绞车主动力系统发生故障时,可代替绞车主动力系统的功能进行应急操作,提升最大钻柱重量;可以根据钻进作业过程的需要,在恒钻压送钻和恒钻速送钻两种模式下进行选择,完成自动送钻设定.通过设定输出扭矩,反向拖动绞车滚筒,实现自动调整送钻速度和钻井过程安全保护,达到钻进作业过程中恒压和恒钻速目的.利用计算机控制技术与液压控制技术相结合精准控制液压马达实现高精度送钻.控制系统采用PLC编程控制,通过接收外部的连续钻压测量信号与液压马达转速检测单元的信号,实现钻井作业中的信息综合处理和送钻控制.经过油田现场17套钻机30余口井的应用表明,该装置值得推广应用.