基于模糊图论的多跳WSN冗余节点部署算法

摘要

针对多跳无线传感器网络(WSN)的漏斗效应问题,提出了基于簇负载平衡的冗余节点部署算法(RNDA).RNDA采用分簇结构平衡簇内能耗,并根据各簇负载情况配置一定数量的冗余节点以平衡簇际能耗.该算法把节点下一跳选路概率作为边模糊权值引入模糊图论,提出了用于计算数据从源节点经m跳到达目的节点概率的到达率定理,为研究网络数据传输提供了一种有效方法.以此定理为基础的通用负载分布计算方法适合n维布局、多路径路由的网络.理论分析和仿真结果表明,RNDA既能明显延长网络寿命,又能有效平衡网络中节点能耗.%A redundant node deployment algorithm (RNDA) based on cluster load balancing is proposed to resolve the funneling effect problem in multi-hop wireless sensor networks (WSN). The RNDA uses a clustering structure to balance the energy consumption of the nodes in a cluster. According to the load of clusters in WSN, a certain amount of redundant nodes are deployed to balance the energy consumption among clusters. As the fuzzy weight of the graph edge, the next hop route selection probability of the nodes is introduced into the fuzzy graph theory, and a theorem for calculating the probability that data transmits from source nodes to destination nodes with m hops is proposed. The presented theorem provides an effective way for the research on the field of data transmission in networks. A general method for calculating load distribution based on the theorem is suitable for n-dimensional and multi-path routing networks. The analysis and simulation results show that the algorithm can both prolong the network lifetime effectively and balance the energy consumption in networks.