太阳能光伏发电技术研究评述

摘要

评述了太阳能光伏发电技术的基础理论、无机材料与有机材料及光伏‘发电技术’应用等方面研究的最新进展,主要结论如下:提高“人造树叶”效率,发现光合作用的蛋白质、“最优路径”及微观结构规律是基础研究的重大突破；纳米材料、高分子聚合物材料及量子点电池材料等是材料研究领域的新亮点；而改变微观结构及不断完善太阳电池制造方法是实现光伏发电技术应用突破的重要途径.为促进太阳能光伏发电技术的健康、有效与可持续发展,需要加强基础理论、技术与产业化政策等方面研究.%The latest research advancements in the studies of basic theories,inorganic materials,organic materials and application for photovoltaic power generation are reviewed.Main conclusions are as follows.The major breakthroughs in the basic researches include improving the efficiency of "artificial leaf",finding the protein of photosynthesis,"optimal path" and the law of microcosmic structure.The new bright spots in the field of materials researches include nanometer materials,polymer materials and quantum dot solar cells materials and so on.The important ways of promoting the application breakthrough in photovoltaic power generation technologies include changing the microstructure and improving manufacturing method of solar cells.It is necessary to strengthen researches on the basic theories,technologies and industrial policies,so as to promote the healthy,effective and sustainable development of solar photovoltaic power generation technologies.