脓毒症是严重创伤、休克、感染、外科大手术后常见的并发症.由非普通病原体引起的感染属于特殊感染,特殊感染时发生的脓毒症,较一般的脓毒症治疗更棘手,有更高的病死率,而且有造成职业暴露和院内暴发传染的风险.脓毒症的基础治疗包括加强心、肺、肾等生命器官的监护,合理有效地使用抗生素,维持水电解质和酸碱平衡,营养支持及代谢调理等措施.外科的无菌操作是预防各种感染最重要的环节,对特殊感染脓毒症的各项治疗中采用严格的消毒处理,能防止这些病原菌在院内的传播和职业暴露.一旦发生职业暴露,及时地局部清洁处理和药物预防措施,可有效控制职业暴露后感染.%Sepsis is a common complication after severe trauma, shock, infection and major surgeries. Infection caused by uncommon pathogens is called special infection. Sepsis caused by special infection is more difficult to treat than common , with higher mortality and risks of occupational exposure and nosocomial outbreak. The basic treatments of sepsis include guardianship of heart, lungs, kidneys and other vital organs, reasonable use of antibiotics, maintenance of water - electrolyte and acid -base balance, nutritional support and metabolic conditioning and other measures. Surgical aseptic processing is the key link in prevention of various infections. Strict disinfection should be done in treatments of special infection sepsis to prevent the pathogens from nosocomial spread and occupational exposure. Once occupational exposure occurs, timely partial cleaning processing and drug preventive measures can control the infection effectively.
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