新疆库尔勒地区居民高尿酸血症患病情况及影响因素调查研究

摘要

目的 了解新疆库尔勒地区4个民族(汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、蒙古族)18岁以上居民的血尿酸水平、高尿酸血症患病率及其影响因素.方法 从新疆库尔勒地区内采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取18岁以上的居民2 046名,进行问卷调查,同时检测一般身体指标及血尿酸水平,分析不同民族居民血尿酸水平和高尿酸血症患病率.结果 新疆库尔勒地区汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、蒙古族居民的血尿酸水平分别为(279.31±79.49)μmol/L、(244.55±76.59)μmol/L、(264.49±77.44)μmol/L、(267.78±80.70)μmol/L,4个民族的血尿酸水平比较,差异有统计学意义(F=16.42,P＜0.001).无论是男性居民还是女性居民,不同民族高尿酸血症患病率间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在4个民族中,男性居民高尿酸血症患病率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).汉族的男女居民、哈萨克族的女性居民、蒙古族的男性居民不同年龄组的高尿酸血症患病率间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);维吾尔族男女居民不同年龄组高尿酸血症患病率间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).女性、不饮酒、喝奶茶、三酰甘油、肌酐、血糖、体质指数对高尿酸血症发生的影响有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 新疆库尔勒地区居民的血尿酸水平较高,尤其是汉族居民.高尿酸血症患病率较高,且男性的患病率高于女性.女性、不饮酒是该地区人群高尿酸血症的保护因素,而喝奶茶、高三酰甘油、肌酐、高血糖、体质指数是高尿酸血症的危险因素.高尿酸血症的防治应以汉族、男性为重点,倡导健康的生活方式.%Objective To investigate the blood uric acid ( BUA ) level and prevalence of hyperuricemia among residents over 18 years old of four ethnic groups ( Han, Uygur, Kazak, Mongolian) in Korla region of Xinjiang. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 046 residents over 18 years old from Korla region. They were surveyed with questionnaire and tested for general physical indicators and BUA. BUA level and hyperuricemia prevalence of residents of different ethnic groups were analyzed. Results The BUA levels of the Han, Uygur, Kazak, Mongolian residents in Korla region of Xinjiang were ( 279. 31 ± 79. 49 ) μmol/L, ( 244. 55 ± 76. 59 ) μmol/L, ( 264. 49 ± 77. 44 ) μmol/L, ( 267. 78 ± 80.70) μmol/L, respectively. The BUA levels (F = 16. 42, P< 0.001) and hyperuricemia prevalence ( P < 0. 05 ) were significantly different among the four ethnic groups. Hyperuricemia prevalence was higher in men than in women in all four ethnic groups ( P < 0. 01 ). Hyperuricemia prevalence differed among different age groups in both men and women of Han group, women of Kazak group, and men of Mongolian group ( P < 0. 05 ). No difference of hyperuricemia prevalence was observed a-mong different age groups of Uygur men and women ( P >0. 05 ). Female, not drinking alcohol, drinking milk tea, triglycer-ides, creatinine, blood glucose, body mass index significantly affected the occurrence of hyperuricemia ( P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion The residents in Korla region of Xinjiang, especially those of the Han group, have high BUA level. They also have high prevalence of hyperuricemia, especially in men. Female and not drinking alcohol are protective factors, while drinking milk tea, triglycerides, creatinine, blood glucose, and body mass index are risk factors of hyperuricemia. Residents of Han group, men are highlights in the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia in Korla region of Xinjiang.