疫苗可以有效控制甚至消灭威胁人类健康的传染病.疫苗作为一种生物制品,对于接种疫苗的个体是一种异物,接种后有可能引起一系列的生理功能紊乱、病理变化及免疫反应,接种疫苗有发生不良反应的风险,但是拒绝疫苗又将直接危及公共卫生防疫屏障的建立.接种疫苗出现不良反应的风险远小于不开展预防接种而造成的传染病传播的风险.如果错误地判断风险关联及风险的所属性,可能破坏公众对疫苗的信心及对疫苗的接受程度,并造成灾难性发病率的后果,对预防接种后不良反应处理不当,会在社会上造成不良影响,本文以疫苗接种后出现的不良反应为例,探讨接种疫苗不良反应的表现及应对措施.%Vaccines can effectively control and even eliminate infectious disease which threatens human health. Vaccine as a kind of biological products, is a foreign body for vaccinated individuals, therefore may put the individuals at risk of adverse reactions, such as physiological function disorders, pathological changes and immune response. Yet public health barriers against infectious disease will be directly endangered without vaccination. The risk of infectious disease spreading resulting from non - vaccination is higher than that of adverse reaction from vaccination. If risk associations and attributes are not accurately e-valuated, public confidence in and acceptance of vaccine might be undermined, which may cause catastrophic consequences. Inappropriate treatment of adverse reactions from vaccination may cause negative social response. This paper discusses the features of adverse reactions from vaccination and coping measures based on two cases of adverse events.
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